"Sprinkler with Hydraulic Remote Thermal Sensor"

Technical Field

Firefighting wet sprinkler system

Description Background Art:

All wet type sprinklers are consisting of thermal detection element "glass bulb / fusible link" and spray nozzle with water deflector, accordingly the wet type sprinklers have two functions detecting the heat of smoke and consequently spray the water to fight the fire. In order to position/ locate the wet type sprinklers, two rules must be followed "rules related to smoke detection and rules related to proper spray discharge".

The first rules that must be followed are related to detecting the smoke heat where the smoke is accumulated below ceiling, "minimum and maximum distances below ceiling".

And the second rules that must be followed are related to deflector position to provide proper water discharge with respect to buildings' obstructions, such as construction beams, decorative beams, different levels of ceilings, columns etc.

Summary of Invention

The main mission of this invention is to split the wet type sprinkler "pendent, upright and sidewall type" into two devices; first device "device ft 1" is the detection device "Hydraulic Thermal Sensor with water flow port to divert water out of this device", and second device is the spray water device "wet sprinkler without detection element / open sprinkler"

Brief Description of Drawings

In order to understand the function of this invention, four drawings are prepared.

Fig. 1 indicating the cross section of device ft 1 "Hydraulic Remote Thermal Sensor" and device ft 2 "wet sprinkler without sensing element / open type sprinkler" before activation.

Fig. 2 indicating the cross section of device ft 1 "Hydraulic Remote Thermal Sensor" and device ft 2 "wet sprinkler without sensing element / open type sprinkler" after /during activation.

Fig. 3 indicating elevation and plan from one side of the Hydraulic Remote Thermal Sensor, "device ft 1".

Fig. 4 indicating elevation and plan from other side of the Hydraulic Remote Thermal Sensor, "device # 1".

Fig. 1 & 2 "the cross sections", all components of device ft 1 are indicated as 1- Compression Screw, 2- Frame, 3- Thermal sensing element "glass bulb / fusible link", 4- throw away plug (one part or multiple parts), 5- Wrench Flange, 6- Extended Stem, 7- None Water Flow Seat, 8- Outflow Water port "Female Thread", 13- Water Flow Seat, 10- Water Flow Seat Plug, 11- Inflow Water port "Male Thread".

The first device "device tf 1" / Hydraulic Remote Thermal Sensor, is mainly consisting of two parts. Part # 1, which is very close to wet type sprinklers except that

1- There is no deflector, since the water will not spray from this Part.

2- The throw away plug is keeping the extended stem along with water flow seat plug closing the water flow seat.

Part # 2 that will divert the water flow to go from the water source "inflow water port male thread" to outflow water port female thread out of this device - first device "device # 1 and go to the second device "wet sprinkler without detection element / Open Sprinkler".

The second device is the "wet sprinkler without detection element / Open Sprinkler ", which can be upright, pendent, sidewall, with K- factor 1.4 (20) to 33.6 (476)

How does this device work -first device "device # 1" / Hydraulic Remote Thermal Sensor-.

Fig. 1 Before activation, "no fire detected" the Plug 10- water flow seat plug, along with , 6- extended stem,

4- Throw away plug and 3- thermal sensing element "glass bulb or fusible link" ", with help of 1-compression screw are tightly close the 9- water flow seat, preventing water to flow out from the device # 1,

Fig. 2 After / during activation, upon Detecting a fire, the "3-thermal sensing element" reaches the specified heat temperature and will explode / melt, allow the "4-throw away plug" to fall down away from the device # 1, consequently under the system pressure the "6-extended stem" along with the "10-water flow seat plug" will move and sit on "7-none water flow seat", allowing the water to flow from "11-inflow water port male thread" through "9- water flow seat" to "8-outflow water port female thread " out of the device going to the connected device # 2 "wet sprinkler without detection element / open sprinkler"

How to specify this invention

As mentioned under "Summary of Invention", that this invention is manly splitting the wet sprinkler into two devices, first device "device # 1" /Hydraulic Remote Thermal Sensor , and the second device "wet sprinkler without detection element / open sprinkler" , so finally the specifications of this invention is equal to the wet sprinkler but also specified to each device separately as hereunder.

A- First device "device# 1"" since the action of this device is depend on detection of smoke temperature at the required response time and divert water out of this device , so it can be specified based on temperature ratings, action types and flow rates, then the device will be identified based on. a- Temperature rating which are

1- 135-170 F757-77 C°, Ordinary, Orange or red.

2- 175-225 F° / 79-107 C°, Intermediate, Yellow or green.

3- 250-300 F° / 121-149 C°, High, Blue.

4- 325-375 F°/ 163-191 C°, Extra high, purple.

5- 400-475 F°, 204-246 C°, Very extra high, Black.

6- 500-575 F7260-302 C°, Ultra high, Black.

7- 650 F7343 C°, Ultra high Black. b- Action types, Early Suppression Fast-Response (ESFR), Quick-Response Early Suppression (QRES), Quick-Response (QR), and Standard. c- Flow rate, since the water will flow from this device "Device # 1" to " Device # 02" a wet sprinkler without detector / open sprinkler with a different K- factor 1.4 (20) to 33.6 (476), so the size of "8- outflow water port female thread" and "11-inflow water male thread" must be suitable for the water flow rate, so the K factor must be specified in order to select the right size of male and female threads ½" (15mm), ¾" (20mm), and 1" (25mm). B- Second Device " device # 2" since the action of this device will be spraying water, so it can be specified as hereunder a- Installation way

1- Pendent

2- Upright

3- Sidewall, vertical or horizontal b- Flow rate, K- factor 1.4 (20) to 33.6 (476)

Problem / Deficiency

There are two problems / deficiencies

1. Sprinkler's positioning problem / deficiency with financial impact : In general all kinds of buildings "residential, commercial, parking, storage, warehouses etc." have multiple types of obstructions, either in civil construction or in decoration of the building, such as construction dropped beams, decorative dropped beams, different levels in false ceiling, columns, etc. due to these obstructions and in order to follow these two rules "rules related to smoke detection and rules related to deflector position to provide proper water discharge " the positioning of sprinklers became a complicated issue and increase the piping network as well as the numbers of sprinklers as indicated in drawing Fig. 5 (3 sprinklers are installed in 650 cm, while can be installed in 900 cm), which have a high impact on materials' and labors' cost.

2. Functioning problem : In areas where the cloud ceilings are installed, there is a serious technical problem, since most of fires occur below cloud ceilings, while the smoke are always escape up above the cloud ceilings, due to this situation, the sprinklers below cloud ceilings will not be activated /activated after very long time of fire lunching, while the sprinklers above cloud ceilings will be activated, however the water spray will never reach the fire, finally there is no proper firefighting system for cloud ceiling, due to this problem, a lot of restrictions published to specify the cloud ceiling shapes, heights, openings' sizes , etc.

Solutions to Problem / Deficiency

Hereunder are the solutions of the two problems / deficiencies

1. Solution of sprinkler's positioning / deficiency, Since the first device "device # 1" is not going to spray water but only detect the thermal temperature and react accordingly "divert water out of this device", so it can be installed only following NFPA, FM or any other international standard based on the rules related to detecting the smoke heat "minimum and maximum distances below ceiling" regardless to any construction's obstructions, furthermore it can be located vertically, horizontally or upside down. Since the second device is going to spray water, so it can be installed only following NFPA, FM or any other international standard based on Deflector Positions regardless to thermal detectors' positions, accordingly by separating the functions of wet sprinklers, so it reduce the numbers of sprinklers, reduce the piping network.

2. Solution of function problem in cloud ceiling, since detection element is required to be installed above cloud ceiling where the smoke will be accumulated , while the spray element is required to be installed below cloud ceiling where the fire is lunched, so the invention ""Sprinkler with Hydraulic Remote Thermal Sensor" is the solution to this technical / functional problem

Advantageous Effects of Invention

As indicated in the "Solutions to Problem / deficiency ", the two problem / deficiency " locating / positioning the wet sprinklers and cloud ceiling functioning " are already solved, accordingly there are two advantageous effects of invention, first one is financial, the second one is functional, the first financial one is reducing the quantities of networks' pipes and sprinklers' numbers which will tremendously reduce the materials and labors' cost. The second functional one is improving the firefighting system action to fight / stop the fire in cloud ceiling areas Description of Embodiments

In figures 5 & 6

The span between two rafters / concrete beams is 650 cm, as an example for ESFR sprinklers the maximum distance between two sprinklers without any obstruction can be 300 cm, so for these three sprinklers the distance can be 900 cm, while it is now 650 cm, so sprinklers and pipes are 28% more than normal installation without obstructions "rafters / concrete beams",

In case the concrete beams of 650 cm are in two directions, the pipes would be 28% more and sprinklers would be 48 % more than normal installation without obstructions "rafters / concrete beams",

However, by using the invention "Sprinkler with Hydraulic Remote Thermal Sensor", the saving in pipes would be 28% and saving in sprinklers would be 48%

In Figure 7

In cloud ceiling the fire system is not working in adequate way specially when openings in cloud ceiling are wide, the smoke is not accumulating below the cloud ceiling due to escape the smoke through cloud ceiling openings, so installing sprinklers in the cloud ceiling will not be activated or may be activated but not in the right time, the smoke is accumulating above the cloud ceiling below the above ceiling, the accumulation of smoke above the cloud ceiling will activate the sprinklers, however the spray water will not reach the fire belowthe cloud ceiling. This problem is a result of combining the thermal detection element and spray nozzle in one device "wet type sprinkler".

In Figure 8

By using the invention "Sprinkler with Hydraulic Remote Thermal Sensor", the problem mentioned above is over, since the sensing elements are located above the cloud ceiling where the smoke will be accumulated, while the spray nozzles "open sprinklers / wet sprinkler without detector" will be located below the cloud ceiling where the fire is there.

Therefore, the invention "Sprinkler with Hydraulic Remote Thermal Sensor" is the best system to fight the fire in cloud ceiling.

Alternative / options design In the following figures

Fig. 9 "With Upright wet sprinkler without detector" Fig. 10 "With Sidewall wet sprinkler without detector" Fig. 11 Alternative design / option of device # 1.