A) TITLE OF INVENTION:

PISTON DESIGN WITH SPECIALIZED GEOMETRY FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

B) TECHNICAL FIELD:

This invention relates to the field of Mechanical Engineering, Internal Combustion Engines, and in general, any machinery that utilizes a piston, a connecting-rod, and a crankshaft to function.

C) BACKGROUND ART:

As far as known, to the general nature of pistons, these following patents can be considered background art:

-Patent No: ΈR2409054” shows a type of piston pin and piston.

-Patent No:“US20100147252” shows a type of piston.

D) SUMMARY OF INVENTION:

This invention is a piston of specialized geometry primarily meant for internal combustion engines that utilize a piston, a connecting rod (also called a ‘conrod’), and a crankshaft to function. This invention although primarily intended for internal combustion engines of such type, can also be used for any form of machinery that utilizes a piston, a connecting-rod, and a crankshaft, such as reciprocating piston compressors.

Generally, a piston of an internal combustion engine is a component that is attached to the crankshaft assembly through means of a connecting rod and wrist pin (also may be called‘piston pin’ or‘gudgeon pin’). The connecting rod's big end is attached to the crankpin through means of the crankpin bearing. And the piston is connected to the connecting rod's small end through means of the wrist pin, and small end bearing. The wrist pin passes through the connecting rod small end's hole and is lodged in the piston's wrist pin hole (may also be called piston pin hole). Normally the wrist pin is of a generally circular cross section and can be classified as having three zones of interaction; the central zone where the wrist pin passes through the small end hole of the connecting rod forming a pivoting bearing, and the two zones on either side, towards the ends of the wrist pin, that are lodged inside the wrist pin hole of the piston and serve as the lodging points of the wrist pin. Those two locations where the wrist pin is lodged in the piston is basically made up of the piston's material stock of sufficient girth with the wrist pin hole drilled through them with a common axis of drilling.

For sake of convenience and ease of reference those locations on the piston, where the piston's material holds or figuratively 'loops around' the wrist pin will be referred to as a“loop” in this description.

And also, the reference signs indicated in the Claims section are for ease of understanding only, and do not imply any restrictions. Also, the terms 'piston pin’ and‘wrist pin’ may be used interchangeably and have the same meaning.

- TECHNICAL PROBLEMS:

Conventionally, pistons possess two such‘loops’ (locations on the piston where the wrist pin is lodged in the wrist pin hole and the piston's material figuratively ‘loops’ around the wrist pin), and such said 'loops’, may also be conjoined and be a part of the side walls of the piston that connects the piston skirts on either side. This conventional design, while being technically sound for the purpose of mounting a piston with one connecting rod, does not facilitate the ability to mount such a piston on more than one connecting rod in a technically sound manner when there is a need for it. Since conventionally the wrist pin is held by two such ‘loops’, there exists only one possible technically sound location where the connecting rod's small end can be positioned, that is between the two locations where the wrist pin is held in place, that is, between the two 'loops’. If more than one connecting rod is attempted to be placed with a piston of such conventional design that possess only two‘loops’, the unsupported sections of the wrist pin would become too long, would suffer a loss of strength, and could even cause a breakage of the wrist pin under operation of the internal combustion engine due to lack of sufficient support. This is a serious problem concerning the integrity of such a piston assembly, especially given the high inertial and combustion forces that pistons, wrist pins, and connecting rods are subjected to during operation of an internal combustion engine.

- SOLUTION TO TECHNICAL PROBLEMS:

The solution to this said technical problem, is to specialize the piston's geometry to facilitate the mounting of two connecting rods. An innovative piston design must be used to increase the integrity of the piston assembly, and more specifically to increase the supported sections of the wrist pin so that the piston design can accommodate two connecting rods without suffering a significant loss in integrity of the piston assembly. - ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION:

This invention which is here disclosed is a ‘piston design with specialized geometry' that specifically overcomes the above said technical problem, by exploiting the above said solution to the technical problem. This innovative piston design allows for the mounting of up to two connecting rods where there is a need for it, without the piston assembly suffering a significant loss in integrity. This advantageous effect is achieved by this innovative piston design possessing three‘loops’, that is, this piston design has three locations where the wrist pin is held in place in the wrist pin hole, instead of the two loops found in conventional designs. This feature of having three loops enables each of the two said connecting rods to be positioned between two locations where the wrist pin is held in place in the piston, which is a technically sound positioning of the connecting rods since the wrist pin is held in place by the piston immediately next to and on either side of the mounted position of each connecting rod, that is, each connecting rod will have immediately next to it and on either side a ‘loop’. So in this innovative piston design, the wrist pin can be classified (when mounting this piston with two connecting rods) as having five zones of interaction; the two zones where the wrist pin passes through the two connecting rod's small end holes, and the three zones where the wrist pin is lodged in the piston. E) BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS:

The following is a brief description of each of the four figures accompanying this description.

- Fig. 1 shows an overview of the bottom of the piston, for visual reference. The internal supports and two of the three loops that this piston possesses is seen. The‘internal supports’ (7), the‘center loop’ (10), and the‘side loop B' (9) are marked.

- Fig. 2 shows a side and the top of the piston, with the‘piston head' (1 ), 'piston ring grooves' (2),‘oil groove’ (3), 'wrist pin hole’ (4),‘side wall' (5), and‘piston skirt' (6).

- Fig. 3 shows the bottom of the piston, the three locations where the wrist pin is to be lodged in the piston, that is, the three‘loops' (8, 9, and 10) are visible. And this figure also shows the ‘piston skirts' (6), 'side walls' (5), the two ‘connecting rod slots' (1 1 and 12), and‘internal supports' (7).

- Fig. 4 is a cross section view of the piston and how it is intended to be assembled with the wrist pin and two connecting rods. This figure clearly shows the‘piston head' (1 ),‘wrist pin' (13), the two‘connecting rods' (14 and 15), the ‘side walls' (5), and the three locations where the wrist pin is lodged in the piston, that is, the three‘loops' (8, 9, and 10).

F) DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS:

This invention is a piston design that has a specialized geometry that is capable of accommodating two ‘connecting rods' (14 and 15), without the piston assembly, and more specifically the wrist pin, suffering a significant loss in strength. This is because there are three‘loops' (8, 9, and 10)(locations where the wrist pin is lodged in the piston's material), and two 'connecting rod slots' (1 1 and 12)(locations where the two connecting rods are intended to be positioned). The three‘loops' (8, 9, and 10) may be individually identified as the ‘side loop A' (8), the ‘side loop B' (9), and the 'center loop' (10). The two ‘connecting rod slots' (1 1 and 12) may be individually identified as the ‘connecting rod slot A' (1 1 ) and the 'connecting rod slot B' (12). The three‘loops' (8, 9 and 10) are positioned in such a manner that each of the‘connecting rod slots' (11 and 12) is contained in between two such said loops.

The‘connecting rod slot A' (1 1 ) has immediately next to it and on two opposing sides the ‘side loop A' (8) and the ‘center loop' (10). And the ‘connecting rod slot B' (12) has immediately next to it and on two opposing sides the 'side loop B' (9) and the ‘center loop' (10). Since there are two loops immediately next to each connecting rod slot, each connecting rod would be positioned in a technically sound manner, with maximal support for the‘wrist pin' (13), and minimum distance of the unsupported sections of the wrist pin.

This innovative piston design also increases the strength of the‘piston head' (1 ) by distributing the inertial and combustion forces that the piston head is subjected to under operation of an internal combustion engine over the three ‘loops' (8, 9 and 10) of the piston, rather than the two loops that would be found in conventional piston designs. This one extra loop that this innovative piston design possesses significantly lowers the forces that each loop has to handle by sharing such forces over a greater number of spots where the piston holds the wrist pin in place.

Furthermore in this design, the‘centre loop' (10) is conjoined with the ‘internal supports' (7). And also, the 'side loop A' (8) and the 'side loop B' (9) are conjoined with the corresponding ‘side walls' (5) of the piston which further increases the integrity of the piston. G) INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY:

This innovative piston design can be used in internal combustion engines of reciprocating type that requires a piston to be assembled with one or two connecting rods. And also, this piston design can be used in any machinery that uses a piston, a connecting rod, and a crankshaft to function, and has a requirement for a piston to be assembled with one or two connecting rods. This piston design can be manufactured to optimal standards using currently existing and well known methods, such as machining from material stock, or die-casting and finishing, or other methods. Therefore this piston design is suitable to be manufactured commercially.