| WO/2005/035995 | FLUID PHASE DISTRIBUTION ADJUSTER |
| JP2006523533 | Microfluidic device with superhydrophobic surface |
| WO/2010/085302 | VORTEX-INDUCED VIBRATION (VIV) SUPPRESSION OF RISER ARRAYS |
VAN MERKSTEJIN JACBUS LAMBERTU (CH)
| US4650138A | 1987-03-17 | |||
| US20040083938A1 | 2004-05-06 | |||
| EP1283163A2 | 2003-02-12 | |||
| JP2001050215A | 2001-02-23 | |||
| US3741285A | 1973-06-26 | |||
| US4650138A | 1987-03-17 |
CLAIMS
1. Object comprising a surface provided with parallel primary grooves, each comprising an arcuate cross-section, wherein in the primary grooves are arranged ridges which are formed in accordance with the function y=x z , wherein z=0.5 to 1000 and wherein the axis of symmetry of the grooves lies substantially at right angles to the lengthwise direction of the grooves.
2. Object as claimed in claim 1, wherein the width of the primary grooves lies between 100 μm and 200 μm, preferably 150 μm.
3. Object as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the surface of the primary grooves is provided with a groove pattern of secondary grooves which have a width of 5 μm to 8 μm and a depth of 1 μm to 2 μm. 4. Object as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the pattern formed by the primary grooves and ridges comprises defects.
5. Object as claimed in claim 4, wherein between 1 to 10 and 1 to 25 ridges are absent from the pattern. 6. Object as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the primary grooves comprise ridge grooves which are formed in accordance with the function y=x z , wherein z=0.5 to 1000 and wherein the axis of symmetry of the ridge grooves lies substantially at right angles to the lengthwise direction of the grooves, and which are half-phase shifted relative to the ridges. |
OBJECT WITH SURFACE FOR GENERATING MICRO SWIRLS
Known from the prior art, in particular US-A-4 650 138 is an aircraft wing on which longitudinal grooves are arranged in flow direction. These longitudinal grooves serve to generate micro-vortices, whereby the usual boundary layer is set into motion and whereby the air resistance of the surface is reduced.
Although such a surface gives a reasonable reduction in the air resistance, the inventor of the present invention is of the opinion that the surface according to the invention provides a considerably greater decrease in the air resistance.
The invention provides for this purpose an object comprising a surface provided with parallel primary grooves, each comprising an arcuate cross- section, wherein in the primary grooves are arranged ridges which are formed in accordance with the function y=x z , wherein z=0.5 to 1000 and wherein the axis of symmetry of the grooves lies substantially at right angles to the lengthwise direction of the grooves. The claimed reduction in the air resistance is obtained when the air now flows transversely of the longitudinal direction of the grooves. These values can rise to a very high percentage, up to a maximum of 78% relative to a normal flat surface. In a preferred embodiment of the object according to the invention the width of the primary grooves lies between 100 μm and 200 μm, preferably 150 μm.
In another embodiment of the object according to the invention the surface of the primary grooves is provided with a groove pattern of secondary grooves which have a width of 5 μm to 8 μm and a depth of 1 μm to 2 μm. An additional improvement in the air resistance is hereby obtained. A wave pattern is recommended.
In another preferred embodiment of the object according to the invention the pattern formed by the primary grooves and ridges comprises defects. The ridges preferably rotate in the flow direction as a wave function. The wave function runs from -1 to +1. Function "0" is a straight line. These defects preferably occur in the pattern in a frequency of between 1 to 10 and 1 to 25 ridges. Another preference relates to the absence of production scales. These defects or rotations readily create vortices over the surface which set the boundary layer into motion and thus lower the air resistance.
In yet another embodiment of the object according to the invention the primary grooves comprise ridge grooves which are formed in accordance with the function y=x z , wherein z=0.5 to 1000 and wherein the axis of symmetry of the ridge grooves lies substantially at right angles to the lengthwise direction of the grooves, and which are half-phase shifted relative to the ridges. These ridge grooves streamline the micro-vortices over the surface, while the positive ridges drive the vortices.
These and other features are further elucidated with reference to the accompanying figures. Figure 1 shows an object 1 with a surface 2 provided with a number of parallel grooves 3. These grooves have a cross-section corresponding to an arc with radius R. The width b of the grooves is preferably 150 μm.
Provided in grooves 3 are ridges 4 which have a form in accordance with the function y=x 2 . The axis of symmetry 5 lies at right angles to longitudinal axes 6 of grooves 3. Further provided in grooves 3 are ridge grooves 7 which are likewise formed in accordance with the function y=x 2 and which are half-phase shifted relative to ridges 4. A scale-like structure is hereby provided in grooves 3. When air L now flows along surface 2 of object I 7 ridges 4 and ridge grooves 7 ensure that micro-vortices are created which provide for a drastic reduction in the air resistance of object 1 (for instance by 78%) .
Along the line A-A the form of production scale 4 with fine wave structure is shown in its surface. Line B-B shows this for a feed scale which has a bubble surface with a fine wave structure .
Figure 2 shows another orientation of the scales in a wave pattern.