Technical field

This invention relates to an agent for foliar and soil nutrition of plants, which will find application as an organic -mineral liquid fertilizer for stimulating the vegetative growth of crops and increasing the yield thereof.

Background of the invention

Organic-mineral fertilizers are produced from organic matter and associated chemical or adsorptive mineral compounds. They combine the beneficial properties of both organic and mineral nutrients, ensuring optimum plant development, enriching the soil with organic matter and promoting its microbiological activity.

The priority in modem agriculture is the production of ecological and quality production, which determines the use of fertilizers with tolerant toxicology and high efficiency. This type of nutrient contains amino acids, humic and/or fulvic acids and algae, which provide both high yield and plant resistance to adverse abiotic and biotic stress factors such as drought, low temperatures, waterlogging, etc. The widely used liquid fertilizers in this category have only one organic substance as active substance, which makes them insufficiently effective at some stages of plant development. An optimal combination of organic substances combined with inorganic compounds would result in increasing the immune response of plants and reaching their maximum yield potential.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to create an agent for plant foliar and soil nutrition, which, by optimally combining organic substances and biostimulants based on natural raw materials, stimulate vegetative growth and development of plants, and increase yield and, respectively, its quality.

The task has been solved by developing a product for plant foliar and soil nutrition, which is an organic-mineral liquid fertiliser and includes amino acids, humic acids, fulvic acids and algae. According to the invention, the plant foliar and soil nutrition agent also includes potassium oxide, iron, manganese, zinc, boron, copper, molybdenum and water, the components thereof being in the following weight percentages: fulvic acids from 8% to 10%; humic acids from 6% to 8%; amino acids - glycine from 2% to 3%; algae - Ascophyllum nodosum from 5% to 6%; potassium oxide from 2% to 4%; iron from 0.2% to 0.4%; manganese from 0.1% to 0.3%; zinc from 0.05% to 0.07%; boron from 0.05% to 0.07%; copper from 0,035% to 0,05 ; molybdenum from 0.007% to 0.009%; and water up to 100%.

In one preferred embodiment, the components of the formulated composition are in the following weight percentages: fulvic acids - 10%; humic acids of - 8%; amino acids - glycine - 3%; algae - 5%; potassium oxide - 2%; iron - 0.2%; manganese - 0.1%; zinc - 0.07%; boron - 0.07%; copper - 0.035%; molybdenum - 0,007% and water up to 100%.

An advantage of the invention is that the created organic -mineral liquid fertilizer has fungicidal and insecticidal action and provides high resistance of plants to water and temperature stress, development of a powerful root system, while restoring soil fertility and increasing yield and its quality. Another advantage is that the nutrients brought in with the product are optimally absorbed, supplying the plants with naturally bound carbon dioxide and thus accelerating and prolonging photosynthesis.

Description of embodiment of the invention

The plant foliar and soil nutrition product created is an organic-mineral liquid fertilizer of natural origin which is a biostimulator and immunostimulatory suitable for field, fruit, and vegetable crops.

Its composition effectively stimulates the basic physiological processes in plants, supports and accelerates the natural processes of nutrient uptake and plant adaptation to natural conditions.

In a preferred embodiment, the plant foliar and soil nutrition product, being a balanced formula of amino acids, humic and fulvic acids, algae, and inorganic compounds, has components in the following weight percentages: fulvic acids - 10%; humic acids of - 8%; amino acids - glycine - 3%; algae - Ascophyllum nodosum - 5 % ; potassium oxide - 2%; iron - 0,2%; manganese - 0.1%; zinc - 0.07%; boron - 0.07%; copper - 0.035%; molybdenum - 0,007% and water up to 100%.

For the preparation of 1 kg of finished product the following raw materials are needed: potassium fulvic humate - 200 g; algae - Ascophyllum nodosum - 50 g; glycine - 30 g; manganese sulphate - 3,5 g; zinc sulphate - 3,15 g; copper sulphate - 1,4 g; boric acid - 4,2 g; ammonium molybdate - 0,14 g; iron sulphate - 10,5 g and water - 697,11 g.

The plant foliar and soil nutrition agent is obtained as follows:

The reactor is charged with the required amount of water, then heated to 35 °C. The starting materials are fed in succession with continuous stirring in the following sequence: potassium fulvic humate, algae, glycine, ferrous sulphate, manganese sulphate, zinc sulphate, boric acid, copper sulphate and ammonium molybdate. The duration of stirring is 90 minutes until the components are completely dissolved. The solution is then cooled to 20 °C and fed to a dosing plant in 1 and 5 litre containers.

The main raw materials in the formulation are characterised by a triple action - stimulation, nutrition, and protection. On the one hand, it is the anti-stress function to overcome adverse and atypical phenomena caused by climate change. On the other hand, there are the nourishing functions, helping plants to access nutrients, improving photosynthesis, and supplementing plants’ needs for macro- and micro-nutrients. The third action is fungicidal and insecticidal. The use of the established plant foliar and soil nutrition product is suitable for plants after overwintering, hail, frost, disease, etc. Its action is particularly strong in drought, frost, late sowing, late germination and other stress factors. The balanced ratio of algae, amino acid, and potassium fulvic humate ensures optimal absorption of nutrients introduced with the product, intensive photosynthesis, high resistance to water and temperature stress, development of a powerful root system and an increase in yield and its quality.

In foliar treatments, most of the beneficial substances penetrate through the stomata, epidermis, and cuticle of the leaves. The unique feature of the product is that it supplies plants with naturally bound carbon dioxide at the cellular level, whereby the plants close their stomata themselves. In practice, with stomata closed, fungal pathogens cannot penetrate and moisture transpiration is reduced. The action is thus both as a nutrient and as a fungicidal and insecticidal agent. Also, when there are stress factors, plants do not absorb nitrogen fertilizers and nutrients from the soil, resulting in soil acidification and the release of ammonia into the air. The composition of the created product has the ability to regulate the pH (acidity) of plants and soil. At optimum pH, plants absorb all nutrients from the soil and develop optimally.

A biological test of the developed foliar and soil nutrient was carried out on the yield and quality of an Austrian bread wheat variety. The experimental work was carried out on the territory of the village of Poruchik Geshanovo, on a balanced soil, and the experiment was laid out using the long-plot method.

The tested variants include independent application of the created product at different developmental stages in bread wheat. An analogous product from the same market segment, Lebosol Aminozol, was used for comparison. Each variant was tested in a single replicate that was located in one large block with two smaller plots. For objectivity of results, one replicate of a variant was randomly placed in each smaller section. The aim was to use a wheat variety with relatively high yield potential and quality performance. Previous:

2019/20 season - sunflower.

2020/21 season - fallow with one discing and ploughing.

Sowing: On 22.10.2021 with a rate of 550 germinating seeds per m ²

Plant protection: Standard measures for the area and season.

Fertilisation - not carried out before sowing. A single application of 20 kg/dca of nitrogen fertiliser was made in spring. In autumn before sowing and in spring after treatment soil samples were taken from the field for detailed analysis:

Results: The results showed that the variant including foliar fertilizer application, representing the created plant foliar and soil nutrition agent, realized higher yield in qualitative and quantitative ratio compared to the treated control. The highest yield was obtained with a single treatment at the beginning of tillering at a dose of 150 ml/dca. Compared to the control, a yield increase of 55 kg/dca was observed.

The Austrian bread wheat variety combines relatively good yield and quality potential. The low level of applied nitrogen, the absence of nitrogen -fixing crops in the rotation and the soil fertility makes it possible to achieve high grain quality.

For protein, the difference is small and follows the yield trends that have emerged. In the case of gluten, there is a significant difference between the better performing option with the foliar and soil nutrition treatment (one application at 150 ml/dca) and the control.

After the one-year trials, the following major conclusions and implications were drawn for the plant foliar and soil nutrition product:

• increased wheat yield by 13.1% compared to the treated control at moderately high rates of nitrogen fertilization;

• at high rates shows comparable results to the reference in quality foliar fertilisation in wheat; application at the beginning of the tillering phase is optimal.