The present invention relates to devices for surveying (measuring, detecting, monitoring, estimating, inspecting etc.), particularly permanently, in real time, signals having diagnostic meaning and for revealing them at a close and/or remote distance, in any available organolectic and /or technical fashion. E.g. they may comprise a warning device to detect and notify in real time, at distance and/or in a permanently receivable form by the seeker, the present body temperature, of a potential patient, particularly unable to manifest himself about his status, such as children and babies or seriously ill persons, as well as adapted to provide, one or more warning signals e.g. in acoustic or radio-frequency form and/or manageable as stored data for diagnostic and/or therapeutic purposes, particularly when the temperature exceeds prefixed limits.

At the present state of the art a large number of apparatus for detecting signals having diagnostic meaning, even having shape of bracelet, are known; generally they are complicated and expensive. These instruments may include: thermometers, phonendoscopes, sfygmomanometers, etc. Despite of their excellent functioning, these instruments have the defect of missing their final scope because of a series of objective and/or subjective reasons. Hypochondria is much more diffused than we may imagine and nobody of us is completely free of it. Emotional factors render the potential patient e very bad self attending physician. The emotion associated to the detection time interval, and the fear that the favourable expectation is disregarded, may be quite often the same reason of unreliableness of the measured diagnostic data. Since detection is only the starting point, even worse are the consequences which may result from the

interpretation of the detected data and inherent remedies. Often, in the chain of events and situations, resulting from data having potential diagnostic meaning there are impasses which cannot be solved, at least with the resources available in that particular moment or situation-. Therefore there are no limits to the number of possible examples.

In the simplest condition, e.g. that of a body temperature survey, some premises are to be taken into consideration; specially when the subject to be monitored is unable to perceive and/or manifest his own state or the temperature is to be notified to the seeker in a different way than that available: 1) the seeker's perception, of a symptom that can suggest him that the sought subject is feverish. 2) the availability of the appropriate instrument for such particular detection. 3) the selection of the position on the body where to apply the detector; 4) the effective application. 5) the waiting for the detection time running. 6) the reading of the detection, 7) the correction of the reading or at least the its interpretation; 8) the psychosomatic defilement due to the mediateness of the survey; 9) the notification to the seeker of the reading in a receivable form for him which for environmental, personal or remoteness reasons could be unavailable. Analyzing the event itself, the symptom could be the crying of an infant, who, being ill, could give a number of symptoms during the day and the night audible by different members of the family or other nursing people, characterized by different emotivity, for which, at parity of indications, could be had reactions and therefore different remedies permanent preoccupation for everybody and danger for the infant.

The availability of the appropriate detecting instrument, could be put in crisis in the case that, e.g., the infants to be surveyed are more than one. The selection of the position of the body could originate difficulties of application which must take place perfectly and such must be maintained all over detection; this may be impaired by irresponsible niυvenients of the infant or child. Even the reading gives some difficulties even in order to the acting person; particular conditions, e.g., lacking of illumination and/or deficiency of perception by the observer or

seeker. All these operations take a time comprised between four and ten minutes during which a substantial change may occur, such to devoid the preoccupation or render it effective. In all these interventions are certainly present casual emotive factor affecting both the observer and the observed particularly if they are the same person; indeterminateness factor even at psychosomatic level may be produced such to completely distort the detection results. Moreover, in all these operations small and big errors may be committed: errors of reading, calculation, application, duration, disturbance and /or exchange between observers and observed people. On the other hand, the significant body temperatures are not equal for everybody and even in the same person they change according to the age, thus indications of a conventional instrument would require a critical interpretation. This happens for the body temperature survey. For other surveys having diagnostic meaning, even more difficulties may arise which are no longer consistent with the state of the art.

The invention as claimed- is intended to remedy these drawbacks. The inventors, with ingenious perception, have conceived a device for surveying, particularly permanently, in real time, signals having diagnostic meaning and for revealing them at a close and/or remote distance, in any available organolectic and/or technical fashion. The device comprises a carrier, substantially in the form of wrist watch, at least a sensory equipment adapted to provide signals having diagnostic meaning, at least a directly or indirectly organolectic disclosing equipment, and a power economiser. The apparatus providing signals having diagnostic meaning, may be provided with more sensory equipments, connected with as many poles of a commutation switch. At least one pole of the commutation switch. is provided with a plug, for the connection of a sensory equipment provided at the free pole of a cable.

Particularly in case that the detection to be made by the sensory equipment is the body temperature survey, the holder or carrier is substantially in form of a wrist watch, includes the appropriate sensor providing signals having diagnostic

meaning, emerging from the inner side of the bracelet (band worn on the arm) and particularly from its casing. The proper sensor is placed at the end of a flexible arm, in order that, by wearing the bracelet, the said sensor adheres to the subject's skin, with a pressure suitable to provide a correct detection.

The body temperature sensory equipment, is particularly a electronic temperature probe, of the demi-cylindrical kind and which is placed on the flexible arm in such a way that the user's skin contact area corresponds to the even surface, wherein the sensing cells of the same probe are placed. Moreover the thermoprobe is provided with a flexible bell-like enclosure in the form of a corolla of petals, whereby such petals may adhere to the skin, due to their own elasticity and to the pressure applied, substantially providing the thermoprobe with a constant temperature environment.

In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flexible arm cooperates with a switch excluding the battery, controlled by the swinging of the flexible arm, whereby the switch is off when the flexible arm is released.

Unlike from the detecting equipment, the disclosing organolectic equipment comprises at least a transducer of the detected signal and at least an emitter of the converted signal. It comprises more signal transducers, e.g., five, as many as the human senses. Like the detecting equipment, the disclosing equipment comprises a commutation switch, having a number of poles equal to the number of transducers, provided upstream of transducers. At least one of the transducers, is a radio-frequency transducer provided downstream with an antenna, particularly an I/O radio antenna. The transducer of the signal is placed on at least a demi-remote equipment and/or on at least an equipment remote from the bracelet-like component. More signal transducers and a commutation switch, having a number of poles equal to the number of transducers, provided upstream of transducers, may be installed on a demi- remote and/or remote unit. At least one of transducers is a radio-frequency

transducer provided downstream with an I/O radio antenna. On a demi-remote and/or remote unit may be installed a power repeater equipment, whereby to limit the power consumption on the disclosing equipment. The demi-remote and/or remote unit is provided with means connectable to any network such as power, telephone, radio frequency, digital, optical-fibre networks and the like.

This signal may be immediately utilized or elaborated, before, during or after the broadcasting and/or stored for future use and/or converted into message of the kind receivable by the seeker. E.g. the seeker could be a non seeing person for deficiency of sight or of illumination, who is in the need to receive acoustically the sought data reading out. Moreover, in relation to the accuracy of the reading the errors are insignificant, the significant ones could arise from an imperfect contact of the temperature sensor with the body, of which the correct temperature is to be monitored.

In accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the processing and use of. the sensor signal and, may be foreseen the harmonization of the signals with the basal temperature of the patient, in order that such signals cease to have absolute meaning, but only relative, commensurate with the user according to his age, his particular condition and for the duration of this condition. Moreover, this device could be associated to a storing system to store data which are meaningful for the course of illness, in order that the transient temperatures do not represent a reason to worry but, on the contrary, in case that the value of the data is descending, a reason of relief and happiness Thus such data could be duly organized for the edition of a report or for plotting a diagram, regarding a time interval which can be selected for transmission, even to a remote distance. Of course, in consideration of the substantially permanent, automatic, operation of the instruments, according to the present invention, their application is substantially unlimited; as such not conditioned by casualty, i.e. , by the presence of the symptom and/or its perception. Thus, just the permanent use of the device provides, not only the symptoms, but a

chronological report of the course of the data having diagnostic meaning, accompanying or following the various happenings of the life, so as to represent essential or at least significative components of the biorythm. In this context the individual user may be able to do important diagnostic significative self-controls, such as checking woman ovulation. Moreover the various warning devices substantially available and commutable may be of decisive help even for people without one or more senses, commuting the disclosing equipment on the emitter inducing the effect perceivable by that particular person.

One way of carrying out the invention is described in detail below, with reference to drawings, which illustrate a specific embodiments, in which:

Figure 1 is a flowchart, of a warning device, according to the present invention, comprising the detecting means and the disclosing means connected to transreceiver means.

Figure 2 schematizes the outer materialization of the hardware of the flowchart of figure 1 and having substantially the outer shape of a wrist watch.

Figure 3 is a flowchart referring to a disclosing equipment of a warning device wherein the detecting means are separated from the disclosing means and the former are subrogated by transreceiver means. In figures 4 to 10 as well in this one the disclosing or receiving means are provided with chrono-thermo- memory as well as with a monitor, to display chrono-thermal intervals stored therein, in the form of curves, in a system of cartesian coordinates.

Figure 4 schematizes the outer materialization of the flowchart of figure 3.

Figure 5 is substantially a repetition of figure 3, but referring to a multiple disclosing equipment which is provided with a single display for reading out each time the data regarding one of the patients under observation which may be selected by switching on him.

Figure 6 schematizes the outer materialization of the flowchart of figure 5.

Figure 7 is substantially a repetition of figure 5, but referring to a multiple disclosing equipment provided with a contemporary display of the data of all the

patients undergoing the monitoring or checking

Figure 8 schematizes the outer materialization of the flowchart of figure 7.

Figure 9 is a detailed cross section, in an enlarged scale, of the casing of the device of figure 2, wherein the cross-section is taken along the line IX- IX of figure 2 and wherein the sensor provided at the end of the flexible arm is shown.

Figure 10 is is a plane view of the bottom side of the flexible arm carrying the sensor provided at its end and means connected thereto of figure 9.

Figure 11 is a cross section, in an enlarged scale, taken at the end of the flexible arm carrying the sensor and the means connected thereto, wherein the cross-section is taken along the line Xl-XI of figure 9.

Figure 12 is a flowchart of a demi-remote interface or power repeating equipment, provided as component, particularly permanent, to interface, with crossbar controls, essentially, the detecting means and the disclosing means and instrumentally the various power, signal and the like networks.

Referring now to figure 1 of the drawings, a warning device, according to the present invention, includes: a sensory equipment 100, a microprocessor 2, a keyboard 3, a display 4, an organolectic disclosing equipment 500, a battery 19, an economiser switch 18, a V-f converter 6, a transreceiver duplexer 7 and a modem 8, as well as an I/O radio antenna 0. The sensory equipment 100, of which it will be spoken later on, is connected, by connection 12, through the V-f converter 6 and by connection 62 to the microprocessor 2, which through connection 28 is connected to the modem 8, which, in turn, is connected, through connection 87, to a transreceiver duplexer 7, which is duly provided with an antenna 0 and with a connection 007. The microprocessor 2, is connected: through connection 23, to the keyboard 3; through connection 24, to the display 4; and through connection 25, to the organolectic disclosing equipment 500, of which it will be spoken later on. The components of the sensory equipment 100, convert the quantities detected into electric current signals. Each electric current signal attains the microprocessor 2: through the wire 12, as well as through the V-f converter 6 and the connection

62, in the form of frequency signal. The microprocessor 2 processes the value of this frequency and in function thereof provides instructions to be sent, through the wire 28, to the modem 8. Other instructions, are sent in the form of digital pulses, through the wire 87 to a transreceiver duplexer 7. The latter transmits modulated radio frequency pulses, in function of the digital pulses received, through the wire 007, to the antenna 0. The antenna 0, in turn, receives radio frequency signals which, following the opposed described course, reach the microprocessor 2, in form of digital pulses. In other words, the microprocessor 2, from one side processes the remote instructions received from the antenna and from the other side the signals of frequency relating to the quantity monitored by the local sensor and provides, through the transreceiver duplexer 7 and the antenna 0, the broadcasting of the appropriate answers to one or more other antennas 0', to be described later on.

The attribute organolectic, assigned to the detecting equipment 100 and to the disclosing equipment 500, means that the sensory equipment can monitor the signal in any perceptible form, thus, for a thorough monitoring, it is provided with five components 1, 101, 201, 301, 401, symbolically representing the five human senses. In practice these are: the body temperature, sensory equipment 1 (touch), cardiacal frequency sensory equipment 101 (hearing), pH of the sweat sensory equipment 201 (taste), muscular contractility sensory equipment 301 (sight), detecting of organic gases sensory equipment 401 (olfaction). Of course for the use, each time, of the necessary sensory equipment, a commutation switch 601 is provided, of which at least one pole (501) is comprised by a plug, for the connection of at least one pole (701 ) of a sensor (701') applied to a free pole of a cable (702). This permits to acquire, through a free probe, any significative signal going to appraise it anywhere it is available, E.g., a vaginal probe for the thermo- control of the ovulation. In a similar way the disclosing equipment 500 may detect the signal in any appreciable form, thus for being complete is provided with five components 5, 105, 205, 305, 405, symbolically representing the five human

senses. In practice, an emitter 5 of vibrations (touch), an acoustic emitter.105 (hearing), an emitter 205 of tasty substance (taste), emitter 305 of luminous signal (sight), an emitter 405 of odour (olfaction). Of course, for using each time the wanted emitter a commutation switch 605 is provided, at least one pole 505 of which is comprised by aplug, for the connection of at least one pole 705 of an emitter 705' provided at the free pole of a cable 725. This offers the possibility to acquire, any significative signal whereby to carry it where it may be perceived.

The microprocessor 2, then, pi-ocesses the value of the current of the sensor and in function of it emits digital signals to be sent, through the wire 24, to the display 4, as well as through the wire 25 to the organolectic disclosing equipment 500, of which it will be spoken later on. Thus, the signal which attains the monitor 4 displays the temperature value detected by the sensory equipment, while the signal reaching the organolectic disclosing equipment 500, qualify the same to the emission of the signal which, e.g., may be the recitation of the temperature indicated by the display. The qualification of the acoustic emitter 5 is necessary but not sufficient condition for the emission of the signal. In fact the signal is emitted provided that an instruction regarding the significance of the acoustic signal was sent, through the keyboard 3, and in turn, through the wire 23', to the microprocessor 2. Of course, the significance wanted or ought may be typed on the keys of the keyboard 3, in order that the microprocessor can duly intervene.

Referring now to figure 2 and to the figures from 9 to 11 of the drawings, a warning device, having substantially the shape of a bracelet 10, having, as central section, a casing 21, which comprises: a sensory equipment or thermoprobe 1, to be described in details later on, a microprocessor 2, not shown, a keyboard 3, a display 4, and an acoustic emitter 5.

Referring now to figure 3 of the drawings, the disclosing equipment flowchart in accordance with the simplest embodiment of the present invention, comprises: a microprocessor 20, a keyboard 30, a display 4.0 ₄ a transreceiver

duplexer 70, a modem 80 and an acoustic emitter 50, as well as an I/O radio antenna 0'. Such antenna 0' provides an input or output signal which, through the connection 007, interacts with the transreceiver duplexer 70, which, from one side, through connection 207 is connected to the microprocessor 20, while from the other side, through the connection 78 is connected to the modem 80. In turn, the microprocessor 20 is connected: through a connection 208, to the modem 80, through a connection 203 to the keyboard 30, through connection 205 to the acoustic emitter 50 and through connection 204 to display 40. The electromagnetic pulses impinging the antenna 0', particularly those coming from antenna 0, which provides a transreceiver dialogue with the same antenna 0', run, in both directions, along the wire 007 for impinging, in both conditions, the transreceiver duplexer 70, which, in both conditions, interacts with through the wire 78, the modem 80, wliich dialogues through the wire 208 with the microprocessor 20. The microprocessor 20 therefore dialogues with all what described and obviously even with the antenna 0 and after all with the microprocessor 2 for the reason to be explained later on. On the other hand microprocessor 20 is controlled by keyboard 30, through the wire 203 and controls, through the wire 205, the acoustic emitter 50 and through the wire 204 the display 40.

Referring now to figure 5 of the drawings, a disclosing equipment flowchart, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, comprises: a microprocessor 20', a transreceiver duplexer 70', a modem 80', a keyboard 30', a digital display 40', a graphic display 140' and an acoustic emitter 50', as well as an I/O radio antenna 0'. Such antenna 0' provides an input or output signal which, through the connection 007, interacts with on a transreceiver duplexer 70', which, from one side, through connection 702, is connected to said microprocessor 20', while from the other side through the connection 807 is connected to the modem 80 ^' . In turn the microprocessor 20' is connected: through connection 802, back, tυ the modem bϋ ^' , through connection 302 to the keyboard 30', through connection 502 tυ the acoustic emitter 50', through connection 402 to

display 40' and through connection 142 to the graphic display 140'. Even in this figure the electromagnetic pulses interacting with the antenna 0', particularly those broadcast by antenna 0, which provides a transreceiver dialogue with the same antenna 0', run, in due both directions, along the wire 007 to involve, in both conditions, the transreceiver duplexer 70', which, in both conditions, interacts through the wire 807, with the modem 80', which dialogues, through the wire 802 with microprocessor 20'. The microprocessor 20' therefore dialogues with all what described and obviously, also with the antenna 0 and at the end with the microprocessor 2 for the reason to be explained later on. On the other hand the microprocessor 20' is controlled by the keyboard 30' through the wire 302 and controls, through the wire 502, the acoustic emitter 50', through the wire 402 the display 40' and through the wire 142, the display 140'.

Referring now to figure 7 of the drawings, the disclosing equipment a flowchart, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, comprising a common detector, . comprises: a microprocessor 20", a transreceiver duplexer 70", a modem 80", a keyboard 30", a series of displays 40", 41", 42", 43" and an acoustic emitter 50", as well as an I/O radio antenna 0'. Such antenna 0' provides an input or output signal which, through the connection 007 interacts with the transreceiver duplexer 70", which, from one side, through connection 27" is connected to the microprocessor 20", while from the other side, through the connection 78" is connected to the modem 80". In turn the microprocessor 20" is connected: through the connection 28", back, to the modem 80", through the connection 23" to the keyboard 30", through the connection 25" to the acoustic emitter 50", through the connections 124", 224", 324", 424" to the displays 40", 41", 42", 43". Even in figure 7 the electromagnetic pulses interacting with the antenna 0', particularly those coming from the antenna 0 which provides a transreceiver dialogue with the same antenna 0' run, in both directions, along the wire 007 for interacting, in both conditions, with the transreceiver duplexer 70", which, in both conditions, interacts, through the wire 78", with the modem 80", which

dialogues, through the wire (27") 28" with the microprocessor 20". The microprocessor 20" therefore dialogues with all what described and obviously even with the antenna 0 and after all with the microprocessor 2' for the reason to be explained later on. On the other hand the microprocessor 20" is controlled by the keyboard 30", through the wire 23" and controls, through the wire 25" the acoustic emitter 50" and through the four wires 124, 224, 324, 424, the four wires 40", 41", 42" 43".

Of course all over the figures from 1 to 10 are provided one or more members: power supply 19, switch 19', warning light 19", possibly shown only in the even figures. Whereas they are shown together within the same dashed box in the odd figures.

From what described hereabove the operation of the warning device in all its forms should be evident, however hereafter is given a short description. Suppose that the bracelet- like device is provided with all the sensory equipments 1, 101, 201, 301, 401, and that it is provided with a probe. More particularly, suppose that the body temperature may be surveied by sensory equipment 1 (touch), the cardiacal frequency by sensory equipment 101 (hearing), the pH of the sweat by sensory equipment 201 (taste), the muscular contractility by sensory equipment 301 (sight), the detecting of organic gases by sensory equipment 401 (olfaction). Moreover that the probe serves to measure the blood pressure. Through the commutation switch 601 , the detection wanted is selected. Of course the microprocessor controls the conformity of the signal and possibly stores it, making it available to the emission in the corresponding form. As in the detecting equipment 100 the signal obtained may be revealed in any appreciable form; thus for completion reasons the disclosing equipment is provided with five components 5, 105, 205, 305, 405, symbolically representing the five human senses. In practice, a vibration emitter 5 (touch), an acoustic emitter 105 (hearing), an emitter 205 of tasty substance (tastej, an emitter 305 of luminous signal (sight), an emitter of smell 405 (olfaction). Of course, for utilizing each time the wanted emitter the

disclosing equipment 5 is provided with a commutation switch 605, at least one pole 505 of which is comprised by a plug, for the connection with at least one pole 705 of an emitter 705', provided at the free pole of a cable 725. This offers the possibility of acquiring, any significative signal carrying it where it is perceivable.

If, from one side, the wrist-watch-like carrier shall have small dimensions and a lower power consumption in order that, with a battery of small dimensions a relatively long life is possible and from the other side, a maximum power of transmission is wanted, a demi-remote (figure 12) and/or remote (figures 3 - 8) equipment will be provided. On the former or on both of them the transducers and the commutators, as well as, possibly the demi-remote equipment, functioning as interface, even in regard of signals transmission networks, could be provided. Every connoisseur, even if not expert of the art, may easily imagine all the contemporai-y and alternative uses which can be made of the equipments according to the invention.