Subject of the Invention and Technical Field

The invention relates to a technical development that allows unlimited rotation of a fixed boom unit, which is used in crushing-screening plants where rocks are subjected to size reduction, and can perform different tasks with different attachments used together. Fixed boom unit which is the subject of the invention is characterized in that being an infinite round fixed boom unit with an oil-electric connector that allows it to rotate safely around itself and in the same direction without causing oil and power cuts.

State of the Art

Today, rocks, which are brought to an average diameter of 1 to 1.5 meters by drilling and blasting method in quarries, are transported by various vehicles such as rock trucks to the crushing and screening facility, and are subjected to the primary crushing (primary) process in the said crushing and screening plants. Jaw, conical and impact crushers are used according to the structural properties of the rocks such as hardness in the primary crushing stage. In general practice, the rocks poured into the feeding chamber (bunker) above the primary (primary) crusher with the help of a belt conveyor are subjected to a size reduction process (in a time varying according to the crusher performance) in the feeding chamber by the primary crushers and they are brought to smaller sizes. During the process in question, various problems such as rock compression or arching occur depending on the friction force that the rocks apply to each other. In cases where there is a system capable of actively intervening in the said problems, the crushing process is terminated in order not to damage the crushers, and if the said operation is not stopped, crusher failures occur. Various improvements have been made from the past to the present in order to solve the aforementioned problems that cause loss of money and time. In the state of the art, several alternative ways are followed to solve problems such as rock compression and arching that occur in primary crushers. One of them is that an officer with a sledgehammer descends or exits the feeding chamber, then hits the rock pile with the sledgehammer in his hand and breaks the rocks stuck in the primary crusher with the impact force he creates and makes the system work. This operation, which is performed using the physical force of a person, is extremely dangerous in terms of occupational safety and at the same time shows a very low efficiency due to human-induced uncertainties (accident, insufficient force, individual abilities, etc.). Another alternative method in question is to intervene in rock compaction and arching problems with attachments with the help of a crusher attachment attached to an excavator. Although this method is highly efficient and safer in terms of occupational safety compared to the intervention with a sledgehammer, the excavator intervention method also has various disadvantages. The most important of these disadvantages is the necessity of installing the crushing equipment in a high position from the ground. Loss of money and time occurs due to the problems experienced in the access of an excavator to the said height and the feeding chamber where the crushing process is carried out. The fact that these two alternative solutions contain various handicaps necessitated the development of a new technique.

In the state of the art, fixed boom units have been used in crushing and screening plants in order to solve the problems caused by arching and rock compaction. Fixed boom units can be defined as a rotating arm construction machine that is rigidly fixed to a surface/platform and has a similar structure to the arm of a construction machine such as an excavator. Every required application is carried out by connecting a hydraulic attachment to the arm end of the system in question. A fixed boom mounted rigidly close to the hopper on the crusher and an attachment mounted on it has been the most effective technical development brought as a solution to the existing problems.

In the state of the art, it is sufficient for the fixed boom unit arm, which is mounted close to the feeding chamber, to have an oscillation capability of 170° on the horizontal axis in order to intervene in the problem of rock jamming in the primary crusher. In facilities where two primary crushers are side by side, it is preferred to use a fixed boom unit with 360-degree rotation instead of using two fixed boom units. Because the boom arm in question is used as obstructions occur in the primary crusher instead of working continuously. By using the fixed boom unit and the crusher attachment together, the work is efficient and profit is made from time and labour, fuel and machine depreciation. In the state of the art, fixed boom units generally have the ability to rotate 360-degrees maximum. In order to prevent the rotation movement from damaging the hose or cables that serve to operate the fixed boom unit, solutions such as stopping the sensors in order to terminate the rotation movement of the said unit in a certain position, and stopping the fixed boom unit with the termination wedges in case of a malfunction in the sensors have been developed. However, the continuous movement of hydraulic hoses or electrical cables during rotation may cause them to be damaged, broken or disassembled. This causes time and financial loss.

The Chinese utility model document CN212003166U, which is encountered in the state of the art, is about a fixed hydraulic breaker that can rotate at a horizontal angle of 360 degrees. It is emphasized that the crusher unit, which is the subject of the invention, can rotate 360 degrees freely in the horizontal direction and complete the crushing and mixing process at any position within the crushing radius. It is stated that the subject invention is configured in such a way that it does not cause any oil leakage during the 360-degree rotation process.

The invention numbered CN113318807A, which is encountered in the state of the art, relates to a semi -stationary hydraulic breaker. Here it is aimed to fix the hydraulic station to the base by means of a connecting bolt and to arrange a damping mechanism between the hydraulic station and the base. It is aimed that the rotary oil cylinder designed at the base is hinged to the rotating frame, so that the device can rotate freely within 170 degrees in the horizontal direction, and that the crushing and mixing process can be completed in any position within the crushing radius.

In the Chinese utility model document numbered CN203565162U, which is encountered in the state of the art, a fixed hydraulic breaker with more than one rotatable joint region is mentioned. Fixed hydraulic breaker, each of which can be rotated consists of the base, platform, a swing arm with the engine, a bucket rod, a crushing hammer, a bucket rod oil cylinder, a bucket rod oil cylinder, a rotary hammer oil cylinder, and a rotary hammer oil cylinder. It is seen that the fixed hydraulic breaker was developed with the aim of maximizing the work efficiency in limited working areas and production efficiency.

In the state of the art, the invention mentioned in the Chinese Utility model document no. CN215140690U relates to a fully rotating stationary crusher unit comprising a fixed base, a swivel base, a swivel support and a working arm mechanism. In the said document, it is seen that the invention is described as a system that, thanks to the arrangement of the rotating base, the working arm mechanism can rotate 360 degrees without dead angle, can be applied to more mine working conditions and has a wide stroke range.

In the state of the art, in the American patent document numbered US3712385A, the drilling rig is a boom unit, one end of which is arranged to be axially attached to the vehicle and the other end is a boom unit that supports a drilling head carrier arm that is tiltably mounted on it. Said Boom is arranged to be rotated in a vertical plane by at least one hydraulic piston and cylinder unit connected to a vehicle and to the hydraulic system. The support arm can move on a 180° arc with a worm drive gearbox extending from one end of the boom to the other.

In the state of the art, in the American patent document numbered US5261542A, a stationary crusher unit comprising a shaft, a rotary actuator, rotary boom, rotation restrictive fittings, an outer casing surrounding the rotary actuator, a first bearing inside the outer casing, a second bearing outside the outer casing is mentioned. Said rotary boom comprises a straight wedge fixed to the driving axle of the rotary actuator for engagement with the opposing structure on the shaft. In addition, the rotating boom shaft includes a hollow tube configuration to mate with the pivoting wedge.

In the state of the art, in the American patent document numbered US4969789A, an invention developed for the transport and positioning of building components of the type used in retaining walls or similar is mentioned in the American patent document. It is seen that the embodiment of the invention consists of an apparatus, a boom unit in an articulated structure in connection with the said apparatus, and a gripper assembly at the end of the said boom. The vehicle and boom can be operated via a remote-control device by a worker standing near the building under construction.

In the state of the art, there are boom units with a 360-degree rotation capability. It is seen that there are big problems in the systems (especially in the hydraulic connections) after the boom arm makes a full turn. In order to prevent this, the hydraulic hoses and electrical cables coming to the valve are left long so that they hang from the side of the fixed boom unit, to prevent the hoses and electrical cables from breaking due to the change in the position of the valve during the rotation movement of the system. However, hydraulic hoses and cables that are subjected to mechanical stress during rotation can be dismantled or broken over time. In addition, hanging hoses and cables pose a problem in terms of worker health and safety.

In the state of the art, various methods have been developed to terminate the rotation movement of the fixed boom unit in one direction in a certain position where the unit will not be damaged, in order to prevent hydraulic leakage and power cuts caused by the hydraulic hoses and electrical cables in the fixed boom units being wrapped around the unit. Sensors are used to detect the angular position of the unit during the said rotation movement. In case of malfunction of the sensors or a problem in the electronic parts of the fixed boom unit that will terminate the rotation movement, the system must be stopped manually with a mechanical force. In order to achieve this, it is seen that termination wedges are used in the state of the art, but the force applied by the said wedges against the direction of rotation causes mechanical failures in the parts of the fixed boom unit, especially the hydromotors. As can be seen above, in the state of the art, breaking of hydraulic hoses and electrical cables is a big problem due to the rotation movements performed by fixed boom units -especially larger than 360 degrees. To solve the aforementioned problem, a solution in the form of limiting the rotation movement in a certain position has been developed, however it is seen that termination wedges are used to activate in cases where the sensors used to provide this are ineffective for various reasons such as an electronic failure. The sensors and wedges in question are both an additional cost element and cannot provide a definitive solution to the current problem. Accordingly, it is seen that there is a need to develop a new technique where the existing problems in the state of the art cannot be solved with the current technique.

Technical Problems That the Invention Aims to Solve

In order to solve the problems mentioned in the previous section, the present invention aims at a technical improvement in the fixed boom units, which are located in crushing and screening plants where the rocks are subjected to size reduction and are capable of performing different tasks according to the attachments they use. For this purpose, a fixed boom unit with infinite round rotation, which can rotate around itself and in the same direction without any limitation, without causing oil and power cuts, is targeted.

An advantage of the invention is that the fixed boom unit with infinite rotation rotation, which is the subject of the invention, has the ability to rotate in one direction without limitation, thanks to the rotating oil-electric connector it contains. In the state of the art, the need for the use of sensors, which is needed to terminate the rotation movement at a certain position, has been eliminated. In addition, the need for termination wedges used for the mechanical termination of the rotation movement of the fixed boom unit in cases such as sensor failures has been eliminated, and mechanical failures in various parts, especially hydromotors, that occur due to the use of the termination block are also prevented.

Another advantage of the fixed boom unit with infinite round rotation, which is the subject of the invention, is that the moving hoses and cables, which pose a problem for worker health and safety, pass through the rotating oil-electric connector and are positioned on the fixed boom unit floor in such a way that the workers do not hit or trip over the workers.

Another advantage of the fixed boom unit with infinite rotation of the subject of the invention is that the fixed boom unit has a rotating oil-electric connector that is configured to allow hydraulic hoses and electrical cables to rotate many times around its axis without being damaged.

Explanation of Figures

Figure- 1: The right perspective view of the Fixed Boom Unit with Infinite Round Rotation, which is the subject of the invention. Figure- 2: The left perspective view of the Fixed Boom Unit with Infinite Round Rotation, which is the subject of the invention.

Figure- 3: Exploded picture of the Fixed Boom Unit with Infinite Round Rotation, which is the subject of the invention.

Figure- 4: The rear projection view of the Fixed Boom Unit with Infinite Round Rotation, which is the subject of the invention.

Figure-5: The enlarged projection view of the section marked with the letter A in Figure-4 of the Fixed Boom Unit with Infinite Turn Rotation, which is the subject of the invention.

Figure- 6: The rear projection view of the Fixed Boom Unit with Infinite Round Rotation, which is the subject of the invention, showing the valve connection details.

Figure- 7: The side projection view of the Rotating Oil-Electric Connector in the Fixed Boom Unit with Infinite Turn Rotation, which is the subject of the invention.

Figure- 8: Front projection full cross-section view of the Rotating Oil-Electric Connector in the Fixed Boom Unit with Infinite Turn Rotation, which is the subject of the invention.

Figure- 9: Exploded picture of the Rotary Oil-Electric Connector in the Fixed Boom Unit with Infinite Turn Rotation, which is the subject of the invention.

Figure- 10: The projection view of the connector shaft in the Rotating Oil-Electric Connector in the Fixed Boom Unit with Infinite Turn Rotation, which is the subject of the invention.

Figure- 11 : The projection of the connector shaft in the Rotating Oil-Electric Connector in the Fixed Boom Unit with Infinite Turn Rotation, which is the subject of the invention, is the full cross-sectional view.

Figure- 12: Perspective view of the connector shaft in the Rotating Oil-Electric Connector in the Fixed Boom Unit with Infinite Turn Rotation, which is the subject of the invention.

Section, Part and Reference Numbers to Help Explain the Invention

1- Fixed boom unit with infinite round rotation

2- Plain washer 3- Edge bolt

4- Hub bolt

5- Fixed table

6- Rotating oil-electrical connector

6a- Connector shaft 6b- Lower bearing 6c- Felt

6d- Connector body

6e- Blind plug

6f- Upper bearing

6g-Ring

6h- Connector washer 6i-Nipple

6j- Slip ring

7- Swing gear

8- Nut

9- Brake valve

10- Rotary table

11- Proportional valve

12- Boom arm

13- Arm piston

14- Arm bar

15- Link piston

16- Attachment connection plate

17- Crusher attachment

18- Boom arm movement piston

19- Rotation drive hydromotor

20- Fixing anchor

21- Hydraulic hose

22- Pressure channel

23- Tank channel

24- Signal channel

25- Signal line

26- Tank line

27- Pressure line

28- Directional valve

29- Lower shaft channel

30- Upper shaft channel Explanation of the Invention

With the invention, a fixed boom unit, which is used in crushing-screening plants where rocks are subjected to size reduction, can fulfil different tasks depending on the attachment it is used with, and has an unlimited rotation capability around its own axis, is aimed. For this purpose, a rotary oil-electric connector has been configured in a way that will not cause hydraulic leakage and power cut in the fixed boom unit, and a fixed boom unit with infinite round rotation (1) has been provided.

Fixed boom units are generally used in crushing and screening plants to solve problems such as arching and rock compression. A fixed boom unit can be described as a rotating arm work machine that is rigidly fixed to a surface/platform and has a similar structure to the arm of a work machine such as an excavator. A different attachment is attached to the arm end of the unit in question, enabling them to be used in different tasks as needed.

Although the subject of the invention is described in terms of the endless rotation fixed boom unit crushing-screening plants, this should not be restrictive, the invention should be considered in the broadest sense. Pictures will be used to explain the fixed boom unit with infinite round rotation, which is the subject of the invention, in more detail, but the pictures used should not be binding since there may be changes in the picture constructions, dimensions or device details.

The subject of the invention, the fixed boom unit with infinite round rotation (1) has the ability to rotate around its own axis and in the same direction without any limitation. The terms "without limitation" and "infinite lap" as used herein cover all values above a full 360-degree rotation. The fixed boom unit with infinite round rotation (1), which is the subject of the invention, does not have a technical necessity such as returning to its original position after turning a certain amount in a certain direction.

Perspective view in Figure- 1 and Figure-2, and the subject of the invention as an exploded view in Figure-3, the fixed boom unit with infinite round rotation (1) generally consists of at least one fixing anchor (20), at least one fixed table (5), at least one rotary table (10), at least one boom arm (12), at least one arm bar (14). One of the five main elements mentioned is the fixing anchor (20), which allows the fixed boom unit with infinite round rotation (1), which is the subject of the invention, to be rigidly fixed to a preferably concrete or metallic surface. One of the five main elements in question is the fixed table (5) that connects the mechanical elements and the fixing anchor (20) with the help of plain washers (2), hub bolts (4) and edge bolts (3). Another of the five main elements mentioned is the rotary table(lO), which is located on the fixed table (5), connects swing gear (7) into the fixed table(5) through nuts (8), and allows the fixed boom unit with the fixed boom unit with infinite round rotation (1), subject of the invention, to turn around its own axis with the help of the rotation drive hydromotor (19), and in which the brake valve (9) used to stop its turn inside. The last two of the five main elements mentioned are the boom arm (12) and the arm bar (14), which provides the positioning of the crusher attachment (17) to the place where the impact will be made and moves with the help of the arm piston (13), link piston (15) and the boom arm movement piston (18). The connection of the said arm bar (14) with the breaker attachment (17) is carried out by means of the attachment connection plate (16). The rotation movement of the fixed boom unit with infinite round rotation (1), which is the subject of the invention, is made with the help of the rotation drive hydromotor (19). A certain pressure and flow rate hydraulic flow is required for the operation of the said rotation drive hydromotor (19), arm piston (13), link piston (15), boom arm movement piston (18)and the crusher attachment (17). Said hydraulic flow is provided by hydraulic power units. The pressure line (27) of a hydraulic unit and the hydraulic hoses (21) coming from the tank line (26) are connected to the pressure line (27) of the proportional valve (11) and the tank line (26), passing through the rotary oil-electric connector (6). The oil flow to the hydraulic equipment that is required to be actuated by the proportional valve (11) seen in Figure-4 and Figure-6 is provided by hydraulic hoses (21). When it is desired to provide oil flow to the equipment that the oil flow directional valves (28) on the said proportional valve (11) are desired to move, it is desired to move from the closed position manually with the help of the mechanical arm on the directional valves (28) or with the electrical coils on the directional valves (28). It is carried out by turning it in the open position in the direction. At least one rotating oilelectrical connector (6) positioned within the rotary table (10) element in the fixed boom unit with fixed boom unit with infinite round rotation (1), which is the subject of the invention, is shown in detail in Figure-5, Figure-7 and Figure-8. The rotating oil-electrical connector (6) protects against power cuts and hydraulic fluid leaks caused by reasons such as twisting, swaying, impact, friction in hydraulic hoses (21) and electrical cables during fixed boom unit with infinite round rotation (1) with endless rotation. It is structured to eliminate problems such as breakage and fragmentation. In this direction, the said rotary oil-electrical connector (6) transmits the fluid coming from the hydraulic hoses (21) which are connected to it via nipples (6i). The rotary oil-electrical connector (6), which is shown as exploded in Figure 9, basically consists of connector shaft (6a), including at least one lower shaft channel (29), at least one upper shaft channel (30) and at least one signal channel (24), a lower bearing (6b) that allows the connector body (6d) to rotate around the connector shaft (6a), felt (6c) used to prevent hydraulic leaks, connector body (6d), which houses the tank channel (23) and the pressure channel (22) inside, blind plug (6e), at least one upper bearing (6f), at least one ring (6g), at least one connector washer (6h), at least four nipples (6i), two on the connector shaft (6a) and two on the connector body (6d) and at least one slip ring (6j), which is an electromechanical device used to transmit electricity or signals from a stationary structure to a rotating structure, or from a rotating structure to a fixed structure. In Figure 8, the full cross- sectional view of the connector body (6d) and the connector shaft (6a) in the rotary oil-electric connector (6) is given. The section of the connector shaft (6a) is given in Figure-10, the full section in figure-11 and perspective view in figure-12. The hydraulic fluid circulation between the said connector body (6d) and the connector shaft (6a) is carried out through the channel structures that allow the circulation of the hydraulic fluid in both mechanical parts. These channels are at least four pieces, including at least one upper shaft channel (30), at least one lower shaft channel (29), at least one pressure channel (22) and at least one tank channel (23). While hydraulic fluid circulation is provided between the upper shaft channel (30) in the said connector shaft (6a) and the pressure channel (22) located in the connector body (6d), hydraulic fluid circulation is provided between the lower shaft channel (29) in the said connector shaft (6a) and the connector body (6d) in the tank channel (23).

The mouth part, where the pressure channel (22) in the connector body (6d) in the fixed boom unit with infinite round rotation (1), which is the subject of the invention, is in contact with the upper shaft channel (30), shows a concave bearing in the form of a circle and completely surrounds the mouth of the upper shaft channel (30). Thus, during the rotation of the connector body (6d), hydraulic fluid circulation is provided between the upper shaft channel (30) and the pressure channel (22). Felts (6c) are used to prevent hydraulic fluid leakage during said circulation. The configuration between the tank channel (23) in the connector body (6d) and the lower shaft channel (29) in the connector shaft (6a) is the same as the configuration between the pressure channel (22) and the upper shaft channel (30). The only difference between the two embodiments mentioned is that they are positioned axially above or below the other. The reason for their configuration in this way is that the mouth parts where the pressure channel (22) and the tank channel (23) are connected with the lower shaft channel (29) and the upper shaft channel (30) show a concave configuration in the form of a circle. While at least two nipples (6i) on the said connector body (6d) rotate together with the rotary table

(10), at least two nipples (6i) on the underside of the said connector shaft (6a) are stationary. Thus, while the hydraulic hoses (21) coming from the proportional valve

(11) and connected to the connector body (6d) via nipples (6i) rotate together with the rotary table (10), the hydraulic hoses (21) connected to the nipples (6i) under the connector shaft (6a) remains constant. It includes at least one proportional valve (11), at least one pressure line (27), at least one tank line (26) and at least one signal line (25) on the said rotary table (10). The mentioned embodiments allow the boom arm (12) and the arm bar (14) to be moved by hydraulic fluid pressure by directly connecting the pressure channel (22) in the connector body (6d), the tank channel (23) and the signal channel (24). The signal line (25) in the proportional valve (11) is connected with the slip ring (6j) in the rotary oil-electric connector (6). Said slip ring (6j) transmits the energy it receives from the electrical or signal cables coming from the proportional valve (11) and making rotational motion with the rotary table (10) to the signal or electrical cables located in the signal channel (24) and which are stationary. Thus, the cables coming from the said proportional valve (11) to the slip ring (6j) continue to rotate together with the rotary table (10), while the cables between the slip ring (6j) and the signal channel (24) remain stationary.

The subject of the invention, the fixed boom unit with infinite round rotation (1) includes at least one rotating oil-electric connector (6) that allows it to rotate around its own axis and in the same direction without causing hydraulic fluid leakage or electrical or signal interruption. The rotating oil-electrical connector (6) located in the fixed boom unit with infinite round rotation (1) includes a connector body (6d) and a connector shaft (6a) that allows the hydraulic fluid taken from the rotating hydraulic hoses (21) to be transmitted to the fixed and non-rotating hydraulic hoses

(21). Said connector body (6d) also comprises (6d) at least one pressure channel

(22) and at least one tank channel (23). Said connector shaft (6a) includes at least one upper shaft channel (30) and at least one lower shaft channel (29).

No matter how much the fixed boom unit with infinite round rotation (1), which is the subject of the invention rotates around its own axis, neither hydraulic hoses (21) nor electrical or signal cables will have any entanglement problems, and the rotation limit of the said unit will not have to remain in a value range of 0 to 360 degrees. The subject of the invention, the fixed boom unit with infinite round rotation (1) can rotate continuously in one direction without any limitation.

In an embodiment of the inventive fixed boom unit with infinite round rotation (1), different types of attachments such as buckets or crusher buckets that can be connected via the attachment connection table (16) to the arm bar (14) that allows various interventions to be made to prevent jams caused by friction force in the chamber, such as emptying the chamber, in case the problem in the feeding chamber cannot be solved with the crusher attachment (17) are used.

Application of the Invention to Industry

The subject of the invention, the fixed boom unit with infinite round rotation (1) will be fixed to a surface in crushing-screening plants and will be operated in connection with the primary crushers. It can also be mounted on the back of a vehicle such as a tractor or on another moving vehicle or a mobile platform.