ELECTRIC ELEMENTS

Conductive bodies
Communication cables or conductors
Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines
Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing insulators or insulating bodies
Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials
Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
Power cables
Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor
Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure
Apparatus or processes for magnetising or demagnetising
Fixed inductances of the signal type
Fixed transformers or mutual inductances of the signal type
Details of transformers or inductances, in general
Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F 21/00
Cores, yokes, or armatures
Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F 19/00
Fixed inductances not covered by group H01F 17/00
Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling the devices covered by this subclass
Coils
Superconducting magnets
Magnets
Apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing capacitors
Details applicable to more than one of groups H01G 4/00-H01G 9/00
Fixed capacitors
Capacitors in which the capacitance is varied by mechanical means, e.g. by turning a shaft
Capacitors in which the capacitance is varied by non-mechanical means
Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices
Contacts
Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for actuation in opposite directions, e.g. slide switch
Switches operated by an operating part which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof and which is acted upon directly by a solid body external to the switch, e.g. by a hand
Switches operated by an operating part in the form of a pivotable member acted upon directly by a solid body, e.g. by a hand
Tumbler or rocker switches
Switches with compound movement of handle or other operating part
Switches operated by a removable member, e.g. key, plug, plate
Mechanisms for operating contacts
Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
Switches operated by change of a physical condition
Switches actuated by change of magnetic field or of electric field, e.g. by change of relative position of magnet and switch, by shielding
Thermally-actuated switches
Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
Snap-action arrangements
Details of electromagnetic relays
Electromagnetic relays
Electrostrictive relays
Electrostatic relays
Electrothermal relays
Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H 73/00-H01H 83/00
Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting
Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current
Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H 1/00-H01H 7/00
Details of electrodes, of magnetic control means, of screens, or of the mounting or spacing thereof, common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
Gas-filled discharge tubes without any main electrode inside the vessel
Gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode
Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J 25/00
Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
Ion beam tubes
Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J 31/00
Details of electron-optical or ion-optical arrangements or of ion traps common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
Cathode-ray tubes
Discharge tubes with provision for emergence of electrons or ions from the vessel
X-ray tubes
Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
Photoelectric discharge tubes not involving the ionisation of a gas
Secondary-emission tubes
Tubes for determining the presence, intensity, density or energy of radiation or particles
Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
Details relating to vessels or to leading-in conductors common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
Gas- or vapour-discharge lamps
Cathode-ray or electron-stream lamps
Lamps without any electrode inside the vessel
Details not provided for in groups H01J 1/00-H01J 5/00 and common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof
Electric incandescent lamps
Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier
Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials
Thermoelectric devices without a junction of dissimilar materials
Devices using superconductivity or hyperconductivity
Piezo-electric elements in general
Devices using galvano-magnetic or similar magnetic effects
Solid state devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating, or switching without a potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. dielectric triodes
Solid state devices not provided for in groups H01L 27/00-H01L 47/00 and H01L 51/00 and not provided for in any other subclass
Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part
Hybrid cells
Electrochemical current or voltage generators not provided for in groups H01M 6/00-H01M 12/00
Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators
Constructional details, or processes of manufacture, of the non-active parts
Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing waveguides or resonators, lines, or other devices of the waveguide type
Waveguides
Coupling devices of the waveguide type
Resonators of the waveguide type
Details of, or arrangements associated with, aerials
Electrically-long aerials having dimensions more than twice the shortest operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
Waveguide horns or mouths
Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction, or polarisation of waves radiated from an aerial, e.g. quasi-optical devices
Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an aerial
Combinations of primary active aerial elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the aerial a desired directional characteristic
Aerial arrays or systems
Aerials with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
Aerials or aerial systems providing at least two radiating patterns
Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an aerial or aerial system
Arrangements for simultaneous operation of aerials on two or more different wavebands
Loop aerials with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
Electrically-short aerials having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
Individual connecting elements providing two or more spaced connecting locations for conductive members which are, or may be, thereby interconnected, e.g. end pieces for wires or cables supported by the wire or cable and having means for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal, or conductive member, blocks of binding posts
Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, specially adapted for printed circuits, e.g. printed circuit boards
Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R 12/14 or H01R 24/00-H01R 33/00
Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure
Coupling parts adapted for simultaneous co-operation with two or more identical counterparts, e.g. for distributing energy to two or more circuits
Coupling parts adapted for co-operation with two or more dissimilar counterparts
Coupling parts for selective co-operation with a counterpart in different ways to establish different circuits, e.g. for voltage selection, for series/parallel selection
Coupling parts supported only by co-operation with counterpart
Coupling devices specially adapted for supporting apparatus and having one part acting as a holder providing support and electrical connection via a counterpart which is structurally associated with the apparatus, e.g. lamp holders
Flexible or turnable line connectors
Rotary current collectors, distributors, or interrupters
Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact
Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, e.g. terminal strips, terminal blocks
Lasers
Semiconductor lasers
Spark gaps; Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps; Sparking plugs; Corona devices; Generating ions to be introduced into non-enclosed gases

GENERATION, CONVERSION, OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER

Boards, substations, or switching arrangements for the supply or distribution of electric power
Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing, or dismantling electric cables or lines
Arrangements of electric cables or lines between relatively-movable parts
Installations of lightning conductors
Cable fittings
Installations of electric cables or lines or protective tubing therefor in or on buildings, equivalent structures or vehicles
Installations of bus-bars
Overhead installations of electric lines or cables
Installations of electric cables or lines in or on the ground or water
Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result
Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection
Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network
Systems for storing electric energy
Systems for supplying or distributing electric power by electromagnetic waves
Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
Circuit arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks and dc networks
Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
Details of the magnetic circuit
Structural association with measuring or protective devices or electric components, e.g. with resistor, with switch, with suppressor for radio interference
Structural associations of current collectors with motors or generators, e.g. brush mounting plates, connections to windings
Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing dynamo-electric machines
Machines with more than one rotor or stator
Asynchronous induction motors
Synchronous motors or generators
Synchronous motors having permanent magnet
Dc commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator
Machines adapted to function as torque motors
Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes, semiconductor devices
Details of windings
Motors with reciprocating, oscillating, or vibrating magnet, armature, or coil system
Generators with reciprocating, oscillating, or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature, or other part of the magnetic circuit
Motors with rotor rotating step by step and without interrupter or commutator driven by the rotor, e.g. stepping motors
Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
Machines in which the dynamo-electric interaction between a plasma or flow of conductive liquid or of fluid-borne conductive or magnetic particles and a coil system or magnetic field converts energy of mass flow into electrical energy or vice versa
Dynamo-electric clutches
Casings
Alleged dynamo-electric perpetua mobilia
Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures
Dynamo-electric machines not provided for in groups H02K 17/00-H02K 55/00
Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the machine, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motor or auxiliary dynamo-electric machine
Systems for cooling or ventilating
Details of apparatus for conversion
Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
Conversion of ac power input into dc power output
Electric machines not otherwise provided for
Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
Arrangements or methods for the control of ac-motors characterised by a control method other than vector control
Arrangements or methods for the control of ac-motors characterised by the kind of ac-motor or by structural details
Arrangements or methods for the control of ac-motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both ac- and dc-motors
Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters
Arrangements specially adapted for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of two or more electric motors
Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors with electronic commutators in dependence on the rotor position
Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric dc-motors
Arrangements for controlling dynamo-electric motors rotating step by step
Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output

BASIC ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY

Generation of oscillations, directly or by frequency-changing, by circuits employing active elements which operate in a non-switching manner; Generation of noise by such circuits
Modulation
Demodulation or transference of modulation from one carrier to another
Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
Constructional details of impedance networks whose electrical mode of operation is not specified or applicable to more than one type of network
Networks using active elements
Networks using digital techniques
Networks using time-varying elements, e.g. N-path filters
Adaptive networks
Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of impedance networks, resonating circuits, resonators
Multiple-port networks comprising only passive electrical elements as network components
Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic elements
Tuning resonant circuits; Selecting resonant circuits
Electronic switching or gating
Details of pulse counters or frequency dividers
Pulse counters comprising counting chains
Circuits for generating electric pulses
Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions
Manipulating pulses not covered by one of the other main groups in this subclass
Modulating pulses with a continuously-variable modulating signal
Demodulating pulses which have been modulated with a continuously-variable signal
Stabilisation of generator output against variations of physical values, e.g. power supply
Automatic control of frequency or phase
Coding in connection with keyboards or like devices
Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction
Conversion of analogue values to or from differential modulation
Conversion of the form of the representation of individual digits
Conversion of a code where information is represented by a given sequence or number of digits to a code where the same information is represented by a different sequence or number of digits
Parallel/series conversion or vice versa

ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE

Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B 3/00-H04B 13/00
Transmission systems employing ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
Transmission systems characterised by the medium used for transmission, not provided for in groups H04B 3/00-H04B 11/00
Transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
Suppression or limitation of noise or interference
Monitoring
Line transmission systems
Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive loop type
Radio transmission systems
Common-wave systems
Stereophonic broadcast systems
Studio equipment
Recording the use made of the broadcast service
Frequency-division multiplex systems
Orthogonal multiplex systems
Code multiplex systems
Optical multiplex systems
Multiplex systems not otherwise provided for
Time-division multiplex systems
Combined time-division and frequency-division multiplex systems
Secret communication; Jamming of communication
Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
Baseband systems
Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
Arrangements for synchronising receiver with transmitter
Metering arrangements
Prepayment telephone systems
Current supply arrangements for telephone systems
Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
Interconnection arrangements between switching centres
Interconnection arrangements not involving centralised switching
Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission
Still video cameras
Colour television systems
Stereoscopic television systems
Diagnosis, testing or measuring for television systems or their details
Scanning details of television systems
Details of television systems
Details of selecting apparatus or arrangements
Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
Selecting arrangements wherein two or more subscriber stations are connected by the same line to the exchange
Selecting arrangements to which subscribers are connected via radio links or inductive links
Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
Details of transducers
Transducers of moving-armature or moving-core type
Piezo-electric transducers
Electrostatic transducers
Transducers other than those covered by groups H04R 9/00-H04R 21/00
Deaf-aid sets
Public address systems
Monitoring arrangements
Circuits for transducers
Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor
Stereophonic arrangements
Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers
Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type

ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR

Details of electric heating devices
Ohmic-resistance heating
Electroluminescent light sources
Circuit arrangements for electric light sources in general
Circuit arrangements or apparatus for operating incandescent light sources and not adapted to a particular application
Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
Heating by electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields
Heating by electric discharge
Electric circuits or apparatus specially designed for use in equipment for killing, stunning, enclosing or guiding living beings
Static electricity; Naturally-occurring electricity
X-ray technique
Printed circuits
Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or adjusting assemblages of electric components
Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus
Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
See Also: Lighting