TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention pertains to the area of current and general human needs, and relates to the procedure and devices for lifting and lowering of coffins.

In accordance with the International Patent Classification (IPC), the invention can be marked with the classification code A61G19/00 which is designated for the devices for lifting and lowering coffins.

TECHNICAL PROBLEM

The problem resolved with the subject innovation is as follows: how to design the device for lowering a coffin into a grave when the length of the opening is shorter than the length of the coffin, through the application of pulleys with bands and chain drive transmissions located in insulated boxes, in which the drive stems from the engines powered by accumulators.

The invention simultaneously entails the procedure which enables lowering the coffin into the grave when the length of the opening is shorter than the length of the coffin.

BACKGROUND ART

It is well-known that lowering of a coffin is still, in many cases, performed in a primitive way, manually and through the use of ropes.

The American company Frigid Fluid Co., from the State of Illinois, USA, employed a device for lowering coffins into graves as early as 1918, and it was only possible to lower coffins vertically, so the length of the coffin had to be shorter than

l the length of the grave - consequently, this device did not address the technical issue solved by the innovation as stated in this application.

Upon the review of the patent documentation in the domestic sovereign fund, no document was found in relation to the devices for lowering coffins. The review of the patent documentation in foreign sovereign funds provided several documents related to the general area of lowering coffins into graves, and we hereby cite the necessary bibliography for the relevant ones:RU 2005124950 (A)published on 2007-02-10, RU 2335274 (C published on 2008-10-10, RU 2004128319 (A)published on 2006-03-10, RU 2283075 (C ₂ )published on 2006-09-10, NL 36156 (C)prioritized on 1932-12-24, NL 14095 (C)prioritized on 1924-02-07, SE 9804032 (L)prioritized on 1998-11-25, SE 511433 (C ₂ )published on 1999-09-27, US 1828391 (A)on 1931-10-20, US 2267324 (A)on 1941-12-23 and US 2012084953 (Aj) prioritized on 2010-10-08, whereby none of the solutions addressed the issue solved by the innovation stated in this application. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

The device is used for lowering coffins into graves when the length of the opening is shorter than the length of the coffin, since the manner in which graves are dug is such that the openings are shorter than the length of the bottom of the grave. The longitudinal section, starting from the surface opening to the bottom of a grave, is trapezoidal, since one side is dug sideways, so the bottom would be longer than the openings. The newer parcels for graves have greater surfaces concreted, and only the openings through which the coffins are lowered are not being concreted, because the coffins are longer than the openings, so it is necessary to enable the independent vertical lowering of both sides of a coffin along the vertical axis, as well as the independent movement of the coffin along the horizontal axis. The movement is enabled by employing three independent drives - one for lowering one side of the coffin, the other for lowering the other side and one for the movement of the coffin along the horizontal axis.

Through the procedure, a sequence of operations is defined so as to lower a coffin into a grave when the length of the opening is shorter than the length of the coffin, and it consists of: even lowering of a coffin in a vertical position, partial rotation of one side of the coffin around the side that has partially entered the grave, horizontal movement of the coffin and tucking it under the side of the grave, moving the coffin into the horizontal position by partially rotating the other side of the coffin (whereby the entire coffin enters the grave to a certain depth), lowering the coffin vertically and positioning it onto the bottom, while the bands are still being unwound from the pulleys until one side is detached from the pulleys (two pulleys) and manually lifted from the grave, after which they are re-attached to the two pulleys and evenly reeled onto all four pulleys by turning the electromotor on, which concludes the procedure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention's detailed description is derived from the exemplary action in the scheme where:

Figure 1 represents the axonometric appearance of the device for lowering coffins into graves when the length of the opening is shorter than the length of a coffin Figure 2 represents the view from above of the device in the figure 1

Figure 3 represents the cross-section A-A from the figure 2

Figure 4 represents the cross-section A' -A' from the figure 2

Figure 5 represents the cross-section B-B from the figure 2

Figure 6 represents the cross-section C-C from the figure 2

Figure 7 represents the detail R from the figure 2, enlarged Figure 8 represents the detail S from the figure 2, enlarged

Figure 9 represents the vertical axis view of the device for lowering one side of a coffin

Figure 10 represents the view from above of the device in the figure 9

Figure 11 represents the vertical axis view of the device for horizontal movement of a coffin and the device for lowering the other side of the coffin

Figure 12 represent the view from above of the figure 11

Figure 13 represents the cross-section D-D of the figure 11

Figure 14 represents the side-view (projection plane) of a coffin on the device and a grave immediately before lowering the coffin into the grave Figure 15 represents the same view as in the figure 14, while the coffin is in the device (vertically) and lowered for the approximate height of the device

Figure 16 represents the view as in the figure 15, with one side of the coffin rotated (lowered vertically) around the other side of the coffin and partially tucked into the grave Figure 17 represents the view as in the figure 16, with the coffin moved along the horizontal axis in the grave

Figure 18 represents the view as in the figure 17, while the other side of the coffin is rotated (lowered vertically) around the already mentioned side of the coffin (the coffin in the horizontal position) Figure 19 represents the view as in the figure 18, with the coffin lowered to the bottom of the grave

Figure 20 represents the view of the control panel of the device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The figures represent the device for lowering coffins into graves when the length of an opening is lower than the length of a grave.

The device is constructed as a frame and consists of a lower right beam 1, lower left beam 2, upper right beam 7 and upper left beam 8, connected to the frame 30 on one side, and on the other with the frame 31, where the frame 30 is put in the box 3, and the frame 31 in the box 4.

The frame constructed in such a manner houses the chain drive transmission 54 for horizontal movement and two independent chain drive transmissions 55 and 56 for unwinding and reeling (lowering and lifting) of the bands 25 and 26.

The middle truss23 is connected to the upper right beam 7, and the middle truss 24 with the upper left beam 8.

The shaft 22 is seated into the frame 31 and the bearing 41, and the shaft 20 into the frame 30 and the bearing 40, while the shaft 19 is seated into the frame 31 and the bearing 38, and the shaft21 into the frame 30 and the bearing 37. The bearings 37 and 38 are positioned onto the middle truss 23, and the bearings 40 and 41 onto the middle truss 24.

The threaded spindle 17 is seated into the frame 30 and the bearing 36. The bearing 36 is positioned onto the truss 23. The screw nut 15 is on the threaded spindle 17, and is connected to one end of the middle beam 9, while the beam 9 leans onto the coaster 77 of the roller (not specifically enumerated in the figures on the scheme), positioned on the truss 5. The fork configurations 11 and 12 are on the beam 9, and the fork configuration 11 encircles the pulley 35, while the fork configuration 12 is around the pulley 34. The truss 5 is connected to the beam 1. The threaded spindle 18 is seated into the frame 30 and the bearing 39. The bearing 39 is positioned onto the truss 24. The screw nut 16 is on the threaded spindle 18, and is connected to one end of the middle beam 10, while the beam 10 leans onto the coaster 78 of the roller (not specifically enumerated in the figures on the scheme), positioned on the truss 6. The fork configurations 13 and 14 are on the beam 10, and the fork configuration 13 encircles the pulley 33, while the fork configuration 14 is around the pulley 32. The truss 6 is connected to the beam 2.

The handle 28 and the roller 27 are on the upper side of the box 3, whereas the handle 29 is on the upper side of the box 4. The box 66 with the electrical equipment is in the box 3.

The beam 1 connects to the legs 48, 49 and 50, and the beam 2 to the legs 51, 52 and 53, through which the device leans onto the ground.

The chain drive transmission 56, for movement of the band 26 in the vertical plane, unwinding and reeling (lowering and lifting) onto the pulleys 32 and 34, and the chain drive transmission 54, for linear movement of a part of the device in the horizontal plane along the shafts 19, 22 and 20, 21, are in the box 3, whereas the chain drive transmission 55, for movement of the band 25 in the vertical plane, unwinding and reeling (lowering and lifting) onto the pulleys 33 and 35, is in the box 4.

The chain drive transmission 56 consists of the electromotor 79, reducer 80, shaft 21, drive sprocket 85, bearing 46, chain 81, driven sprocket 84, shaft 20, bearing 47, idler sprockets 82 and 83 with shafts 86 and 87.

The reducer 80 is positioned into the bearing 46, and the drive sprocket 85 is wedged into the shaft 21 of the reducer 80. The driven sprocket 84 is wedged into the shaft 20 and positioned into the bearing 47. The idler sprocket 82 is wedged into the shaft 86, whereas the idler sprocket 83 is on the shaft 87. The electromotor 79 drives the reducer 80 and thus drives the shaft 21 and the drive sprocket 85, so the movement is transmitted, through the chain 81, onto the idler sprocket 82 and the shaft 86, and then onto the driven sprocket 84 and the shaft 20 and finally onto the idler sprocket 83 and the shaft 87, during which the shafts 20 and 21 rotate in the opposite directions.

The chain drive transmission 55 consists of the electromotor 57, reducer 58, shaft 22, drive sprocket 60, bearing 43, chain 59, driven sprocket 65, shaft 19, bearing 42, idler sprocket 62, shaft 61, idler sprocket 64 and shaft 63.

The reducer 58 is positioned into the bearing 43, and the drive sprocket 60 is wedged into the shaft 22 of the reducer 58. The driven sprocket 65 is wedged into the shaft 19 and positioned into the bearing 42. The idler sprocket 62 is wedged into the shaft 61, whereas the idler sprocket 64 is on the shaft 63.

The electromotor 57 drives the reducer 58 and thus drives the shaft 22 and the drive sprocket 60, so the movement is transmitted, through the chain 59, onto the idler sprocket 62 and the shaft 61, and then onto the driven sprocket 65 and the shaft 19 and finally onto the idler sprocket 64 and the shaft 63, during which the shafts 22 and 19 rotate in the opposite directions.

The shaft 22 is equipped with the pulley 33, and the pulley 35 is on the shaft 19. Between the shaft 22 and the pulley 33, as well as between the shaft 19 and the pulley 35, there is a sliding connection so the pulleys 33 and 35 can slide along the shafts 22 and 19, respectively.

The band 25 is positioned onto the pulleys 33 and 35, and, with the pulleys 33 and 35 rotating in the opposite directions, the band 25 simultaneously unwinds (lowers itself) from the pulleys 33 and 35 and reels (lifts itself) onto the pulleys 33 and 35, when the electromotor 57 is turned on. The shaft 20 is equipped with the pulley 32, and the pulley 34 is on the shaft 21. Between the shaft 20 and the pulley 32, as well as between the shaft 21 and the pulley 34, there is a sliding connection, so the pulleys 32 and 34 can slide along the shafts 20 and 21, respectively. The band 26 is positioned onto the pulleys 32 and 34, and, with the pulleys 32 and 34 rotating in the opposite directions, the band 26 simultaneously unwinds (lowers itself) from the pulleys 32 and 34 and reels (lifts itself) onto the pulleys 32 and 34, when the electromotor 79 is turned on.

The chain drive transmission 54 consists of the electromotor 67, shaft 70, drive sprocket 69, chain 68, driven sprocket 71, bearing 45, threaded spindle 18, screw nut 16, driven sprocket 72, threaded spindle 17, screw nut 15 and bearing 44.

The drive sprocket 69 is wedged into the shaft 70 and the driven sprocket 71 is wedged into the threaded spindle 18 and positioned into the bearing 45, whereas the driven sprocket 72 is wedged into the threaded spindle 17 and positioned into the bearing 44.

The electromotor 67 drives the shaft 70 and the drive sprocket 69, thus causing the movement transmission through the chain 68 onto the driven sprocket 71 and the threaded spindle 18, as well as the driven sprocket 72 and the threaded spindle 17, during which the threaded spindles 18 and 17 rotate in the same direction. During the rotation of the threaded spindles 18 and 17, the screw nut 16 moves along the spindle 18, and the screw nut 15 along the spindle 17, towards one or the other side.

The middle beam 10, leaning onto the coaster 78, rolls over the coaster 78 and moves to one or the other direction, during which the fork configuration 13, encircling the pulley 33, moves the pulley 33 and the band 25 along the shaft 22, while the fork configuration 14, encircling the pulley 32, moves the pulley 32 and the band 26 along the shaft 20.

Simultaneously, the middle beam 9, leaning onto the coaster 77, rolls over the coaster 77 and moves to one or the other direction, during which the fork configuration 11, encircling the pulley 35, moves the pulley 35 and the band 25 along the shaft 19, while the fork configuration 12, encircling the pulley 34, moves the pulley 34 and the band 26 along the shaft 20.

The interconnectedness between the elements of the construction is derived mainly through screw connections. The procedure of lowering the coffin 76 into the grave consists of several steps, which follow.

The coffin 76 is put onto the bands 25 and 26, so that with the movement of the bands 25 and 26 along the vertical and horizontal axes, the coffin 76 moves too, depending on the activated electromotors 57, 67 and 79. The electrical energy needed for controlling the device is provided by one of the two accumulators AK1 or AK2, by moving the switch from the position 0 (zero position) to the position AK1 or AK2 on the control panel. There are 6 (six) push buttons on the control panel, as follows: Gl - for reeling (lifting) the band 25 onto the pulleys 33 and 35; Dl - for unwinding (lowering) the band 25 from the pulleys 33 and 35; G2 - for for reeling (lifting) the band 26 onto the pulleys 32 and 34; D2 - for unwinding (lowering) the band 26 from the pulleys 32 and 34; FWD - for moving forward the band 25 together with the pulleys 33 and 35 and the band 26 with the pulleys 32 and 34 and BWD - for moving backward the band 25 together with the pulleys 33 and 35 and the band 26 with the pulleys 32 and 34. The process of lowering the coffin 76 into the grave commences with the first step, i.e. with the device positioned above the grave, when the coffin 76 is put onto the roller 27 and can thus easily be moved until its weight is equally distributed onto the bands 25 and 26, between the boxes 3 and 4.

In the second step, by simultaneously pressing the push buttons Dl and D2, one turns on the electromotors 57 and 79 for unwinding (lowering) the band 25 from the pulleys 33 and 35 and the band 26 from the pulleys 32 and 34, so the coffin 76 is lowered vertically in the directions X and Y just above the opening of the grave, when the push buttons Dl and D2 are turned off.

In the third step, pressing the push button Dl turns on the electromotor 57 for unwinding (lowering) the band 25 from the pulleys 33 and 35, so one end of the coffin 76 is lowered (through partial rotation around the band 26 for approximately 45°) vertically in the direction X, until it partially enters the grave and the surface of the coffin on that end is below the ground surface, when the push button Dl is turned off.

In the fourth step, pressing the push button FWD turns on the electromotor 67, so the coffin 76 on the bands 25 and 26 is moved in the direction Z until it nearly reaches the front side 74 of the grave, since the pulley 32 slides along the shaft 20, the pulley 34 along the shaft 21, the pulley 33 along the shaft 22 and the pulley 35 along the shaft 19, so that the other side of the coffin 76 could be tucked below the ground, when the push button FWD is turned off.

In the fifth step, pressing the push button D2 turns on the electromotor 79 for lowering the band 26, so the coffin 76 is lowered (through partial rotation around the band 25 for approximately 45°) vertically in the direction Y, until the coffin 76 passes the back side 75 of the grave and reaches the horizontal position, when the push button D2 is turned off.

In the sixth step, simultaneously pressing the push buttons Dl and D2 turns on the electromotors 57 and 79 for lowering the bands 25 and 26, so that the coffin 76 is lowered vertically in the directions X and Y to the bottom 73 of the grave, and the push buttons Dl and D2 are turned off only when the band 25 is completely unwound (lowered) from the pulleys 33 and 35 and the band 26 from the pulleys 32 and 34.

In the seventh step, the band 25 is detached from the pulley 35, and the band 26 from the pulley 34, and the bands 25 and 26 are manually lifted from under the coffin 76 and out of the grave, followed by re-attachment of the band 25 to the pulley 35, and the band 26 to the pulley 34.

In the eighth, and the final step, one simulatenously turns on the push button Gl - for reeling (lifting) the band 25 onto the pulleys 33 and 35 and the push button G2 - for reeling (lifting) the band 26 onto the pulleys 32 and 34, and once they are reeled (lifted), the push buttons Gl and G2 are turned off and the device is manually removed from above the grave, using the handles 28 and 29.

The enumeration used in the text

Lower right beam 1 Pulley 32,33,34,35 Electromotor 67 Lower left beam 2 Bearing 36, Chain 68

37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44

Box 3,4 Drive sprocket 69

45,46,47

Truss 5,6 Shaft 70

Legs 48, 49,50,51, 52,53

Upper right beam 7 Driven sprocket 71,72

Chain drive

Upper left beam 8 transmission 54,55,56 Bottom 73 of a grave

Middle beam 9,10 Electromotor 57 Frontside 74 of a grave

Fork configuration Reducer 58 Backside 75 of a grave 11,12,13,14

Chain 59 Coffin 76

Screw nut 15,16

Drive sprocket 60 Coaster 77,78

Threaded spindle 17,18

Shaft 61 Electromotor 79

Shaft 19,20,21,22

Idler sprocket 62 Reducer 80

Middle truss 23,24

Shaft 63 Chain 81

Band 25,26

Idler sprocket 64 Idler sprocket 82,83

Roller 27

Driven sprocket 65 Driven sprocket 84

Handle 28,29

Box 66 Drive sprocket 85

Frame 30,31

Shaft 86, 87 Switch positions for turning on an accumulator:

0 (zero), AK1 (the first accumulator) and AK2 (the second accumulator)

Push button Gl- for reeling (lifting) the band 25 onto the pulleys 33 and 35;

Push button Dl- for unwinding (lowering) the band 25 from the pulleys 33 and 35;

Push button G2-for reeling (lifting) the band 26 onto the pulleys 32 and 34;

Push button D2-for unwinding (lowering) the band 26 from the pulleys 32 and 34;

Push button FWD-for forward movement of the band 25 with the pulleys 33 and 35 and the band 26 with the pulleys 32 and 34, and

Push button BWD - for backward movement of the band 25 with the pulleys 33 and 35 and the band 26 with the pulleys 32 and 34

X, Y and Z directions of the movement of the coffin 76