TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to at least one piston assembly comprising at least one internal tube and at least one external tube positioned in the invention, at least one external chamber defined between the internal tube and the external tube, and the at least one internal chamber defined in the internal tube for placing the hydraulic fluid in it, at least one piston rod, which is at least partially movable within said internal chamber, at least one first valve group positioned on the said piston rod to allow limited passage in case of jamming of the hydraulic fluid in the internal chamber, at least one second valve group to allow limited passage in the event of hydraulic fluid entrapment by being positioned between the internal chamber and the internal chamber.

BACKGROUND

Pistons, also known as shock absorbers, are elements used to reduce the severity and effect of shocks and vibrations that occur during operation in vehicles. The pistons show a resistance that is inverse to the direction of movement and is proportional to the speed. Thus, they absorb the energy that causes jolt and vibration by converting it into heat. Pistons can be used in all kinds of impact machines (textile machines, presses, construction machines, lifting machines, etc.), especially vehicles. In general, the working principle of the pistons is based on the principle of converting the movement energy into heat and swallowing it by showing resistance to movement by friction. Pistons can be liquid, or liquidgas based. Liquid types of oil are used. Based on the high viscosity (consistency) property, which is the internal molecular friction of the oils, the energy converted to heat is absorbed by the friction between the molecules compressed by forcing the oil under pressure to pass through narrow channels.

Today, motor vehicles contain elements designed in different ways to meet the expectations of users such as comfort, driving comfort, and safety. Pistons play an important role in these elements. They are effective in the hardness levels of the pistons, the handling of the vehicles, the driving comfort, and the transmission of the defects on the road to the vehicle. The hardness of the pistons increases the vehicle's handling and steering control, while reducing ride comfort. Conversely, the pistons being too soft causes the driver to feel the vibrations on rough roads and reduces their comfort.

Application No. KR20210120205, available in the literature, relates to a shock absorber. The shock absorber comprises a hydraulic compression stopper device, an operating rod extending from the end of a piston rod to the hydraulic compression stopper device, and a stopper housing fixed to the inner wall of a cylinder in a compression chamber. It is configured to be movable up and down while occupying an operating room and the upper part of the working room connected to the compression chamber within it and is supported elastically by an elastic member in the working room.

It is seen that the lower walls and sidewalls of the sleeve are open in the sleeve structures that provide secondary damping in the pistons known in the present art. For this reason, it is not possible to make an adjustment for secondary damping in the existing structures in the art. In the structures of the present art, the degree to which the holes on the sleeve dampen is part of its design in an irreplaceable way.

The pistons are designed according to the characteristics of the vehicle on which they will be located and are expected to have a predetermined hardness performance. However, different piston production for each vehicle means additional workload and logistics for the manufacturers.

As a result, all the above-mentioned problems have made it imperative to innovate in the relevant technical field.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a piston assembly for eliminating the above-mentioned disadvantages and bringing new advantages to the relevant technical field.

An object of the invention is to provide a piston assembly having an improved damping feature.

Another object of the invention is to provide a piston assembly that allows secondary damping. The present invention relates to at least one piston assembly comprising at least one internal tube and at least one external tube positioned in the invention, at least one external chamber defined between the internal tube and the external tube, and the at least one internal chamber defined in the internal tube for placing the hydraulic fluid in it, at least one piston rod, which is at least partially movable within said internal chamber, at least one first valve group positioned on the said piston rod to allow limited passage in case of jamming of the hydraulic fluid in the internal chamber, at least one second valve group to allow limited passage in the event of hydraulic fluid entrapment by being positioned between the internal chamber and the internal chamber in order to realize all the objects that will emerge from the abovementioned and the following detailed description. Accordingly, its novelty is in that it comprises at least one secondary damping rod positioned on the side of the piston rod facing the internal chamber and movable with the piston rod to dampen sudden force loadings, at least one sleeve with an inner cavity in which it can at least partially enter by moving said secondary damping rod, at least one third valve group movable in the inner cavity of said sleeve to allow limited passage of hydraulic fluid depending on the movement of the secondary damping rod, at least one side to limit the movement of said third valve group in the sleeve, at least one hole on the third valve group that allows fluid passage between the sleeve inner cavity and the internal chamber, and at least one spring positioned in the sleeve inner cavity and at least partially damping to position the third valve group around said side. Thus, it is ensured that the piston assembly shows the desired damping performance if it is subjected to sudden and unusual force loads.

A possible embodiment of the invention is characterized in that it comprises at least one pressure area coaxial with the secondary damping rod on the side of said third valve group facing the secondary damping rod. Thus, it is ensured that the secondary damping rod can push the third valve group on the same axis.

Another possible embodiment of the invention is characterized in that said spring is a coil spring. Thus, it is ensured that the spring can push back the third valve group.

Another possible embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the spring is associated with at least one base apparatus from one side for coaxial positioning with the secondary damping rod. Thus, it is ensured that the spring is kept in a coaxial manner with the secondary damping rod. Another possible embodiment of the invention is characterized in that it comprises at least one housing for receiving the sleeve on the base apparatus. Thus, the mounting of the sleeve can be easily done on the base apparatus.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Figure 1a shows a representative cross-sectional view of the piston assembly of the invention in the first position.

Figure 1 b shows a representative partial section view of the piston assembly of the invention in the first position.

Figure 2a shows a representative cross-sectional view of the piston assembly of the invention in the second position.

Figure 2b shows a representative partial section view of the piston assembly of the invention in the second position.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In this detailed description, the subject matter of the invention is explained only by means of examples that will not have any limiting effect for a better understanding of the subject matter.

The invention relates to a piston assembly (10). The piston assembly (10) of the invention is a mechanism that at least partially dampens between the first side (T1) and the second side (T2) between which it is positioned during operation. At least one of the first side (T 1 ) and the second side (T2) to which the piston assembly (10) is connected may be movable. The piston assembly (10) allows the force to be damped between the two sides. The piston assembly (10) is located on vehicles in a possible embodiment of the invention. In vehicles, the first side (T1) is the vehicle body, while the second side (T2) is the wheel of the vehicle. In this way, damping is provided between the vehicle body and the vehicle wheel. However, the piston assembly (10) is not limited to this, it can also be used in different areas such as textile machines, presses, construction machines, and lifting machines.

The piston assembly (10) of the invention has an interlocking internal tube (11 ) and an external tube (13). The inner part of the internal tube (11) is defined as an internal chamber (12) and the part between the internal tube (11 ) and the external tube (13) is defined as an external chamber (14). The internal chamber (12) and the external chamber (14) are associated with each other and contain hydraulic fluid. The hydraulic fluid allows damping in the piston assembly (10). There is a piston rod (20) extending from one side of the internal tube (11) towards the internal chamber (12). The piston rod (20) is at least partially movable through the internal chamber (12). There is a first valve group (V1) provided around the end of the piston rod (20) inside the internal tube (11). The first valve group (V1) is configured to dampen during fluid transport within the internal chamber (12). For this, the first valve group (V1 ) limits the passage of fluid from the internal chamber (12) to the external chamber (14). During the operation of the piston assembly (10), controlled fluid passage is provided between the opposite sides of the internal chamber (12), which is divided by the first valve group (V1 ). In the event that one of the first side (T1) or the second side (T2) is moved towards the other in the piston assembly (10), the fluid passage within the internal chamber (12) is controlled by the first valve group (V1). There is also at least one second valve group (V2) around the opposite end of the internal tube (11) facing the piston rod (20). The second valve group (V2) regulates fluid passage between the internal chamber (12) and the external chamber (14). Depending on the amount of compression in the piston assembly (10), hydraulic fluid is transported from the internal chamber (12) to the external chamber (14). This fluid transport is controlled by the second valve group (V2) in the piston assembly (10). In the event of reverse movement, the fluid transfer from the external chamber (14) to the internal chamber (12) is carried out in a controlled manner by the second valve group (V2).

Figures 1 a and 1b show a representative cross-sectional view of the piston assembly (10) of the invention at the first position (I). Accordingly, the piston assembly (10) of the invention is configured to perform secondary damping. Secondary damping provides damping in case of sudden and unusual force on the piston assembly (10). For this, there is at least one sleeve (30) around the second valve group (V2) in the piston assembly (10). The sleeve (30) is formed to have an inner cavity (31). The sleeve (30) is preferably cylindrical in shape. There is at least one secondary damping rod (21 ) on the piston rod (20) in response to said sleeve (30). The secondary damping rod (21 ) is located on the side of the piston rod (20) facing the sleeve (30). The secondary damping rod (21 ) is sized to enter and exit the sleeve (30). There is at least one opening (32) on the side of the sleeve (30) facing the piston rod (20) so that the secondary damping rod (21) can enter and exit the sleeve (30). The secondary damping rod (21 ) is sized to pass through the opening (32). In addition, there is at least one sidewall (33) at the edges of the opening (32) that protrudes towards the center of the opening (32). Said sidewall (33) part allows the other components in the sleeve (30) to be held steady. Figures 2a and 2b show a representative cross-sectional view of the piston assembly (10) of the invention at the second position (II). Accordingly, the hydraulic fluid is configured to be filled and discharged into the inner cavity (31) in the sleeve (30). For this, there is at least one third valve group (V3) in the sleeve (30). The third valve group (V3) is positioned at least partially movable within the sleeve (30). The third valve group (V3) in the sleeve (30) controls the passage of hydraulic fluid filled into the inner cavity (31). Said third valve group (V3) allows the fluid passage between the inner cavity (31) of the sleeve (30) and the internal chamber (12) to be regulated. With the secondary damping element entering the sleeve (30), the liquid in the inner cavity (31 ) is compressed and there is a fluid passage to the internal chamber (12) through the third valve group (V3). In the opposite case, the liquid is provided to the inner cavity (31 ) in the sleeve (30) by means of the third valve group (V3). The third valve group (V3) is forced to be kept on the side of the sleeve (30) that is constantly facing the opening. There is at least one spring (34) in the sleeve (30) for this. The spring (34) is resting on the base apparatus (35) on one side and on the third valve group (V3) on the other. The spring (34) is preferably a coil spring (34). Thanks to this structure, the spring (34) pushes the third valve group (V3) towards the internal chamber (12) and dampens it under force. This contributes to the total damping of the piston assembly (10). The base apparatus (35) is located at the junction of the sleeve (30) with the internal tube (11 ). The base apparatus (35) allows the spring (34) to be continuously held coaxially with the secondary damping rod (21). In this way, it ensures that the third valve group (V3) is kept around the opening (32) continuously as long as there is no load on it. In addition, there is at least one housing (351) on the base apparatus (35). The housing (351) is an opening form provided on the base apparatus (35). The sleeve (30) is fixed to this housing (351) and the installation is completed.

There is at least one pressure area (36) on the side of the third valve group (V3) facing the second damping rod in the piston assembly (10). The pressure area (36) is essentially coaxial with the direction of extension of the secondary damping rod (21). In this way, by moving the piston rod (20) in the internal chamber (12), the secondary damping rod (21) can also be pressed against the pressure area (36). There is at least one hole (361) in the pressure area (35) of the third valve group (V3). Said opening (361) is the opening that allows fluid passage between the inner cavity (31) of the sleeve (30) and the internal chamber (12). The hydraulic fluid in the inner cavity (31) of the sleeve (30) is compressed by the secondary damping rod (21) covering the hole (361). During this process, the compressed hydraulic fluid passes through the third valve group (V3) in a controlled manner and transfers to the internal chamber (12). Damping is carried out due to the fact that the third valve group (V3) has a structure that allows limited passage during the passage of hydraulic fluid. With the lifting of the load on the secondary damping rod (21), the hole (361) is also idle. In this way, the damping cycle is completed by passing fluid from the inner cavity (31 ) to the internal chamber (12).

Figures 1a and 1b show a representative view of the piston assembly (10) of the invention at the first position (I). Accordingly, in the first position (I), the piston assembly (10) is not subjected to a sudden load. In this position, the secondary damping rod (21) is positioned outside the sleeve (30). When the piston assembly (10) is not subjected to high force loading, it can operate continuously in the first position (I). For this, the fluid is transferred directly to the second valve group (V2) without being compressed in the sleeve (30).

Figures 2a and 2b show a representative view of the piston assembly (10) of the invention in the second position (II). In said second position (II), the piston assembly (10) is loaded with a sudden and unusual force. When the first side (T 1 ) and the second side (T2) are brought closer to each other in the piston assembly (10), the first position (I) is moved to the second position (II). The reason for this approach may be undesirable vibrations where the piston assembly (10) is used. In the case of load on the piston assembly (10), the hydraulic fluid in the internal chamber (12) first tries to stop the piston rod (20) by compressing. However, if the load on the piston rod (20) is high, the secondary damping rod (21) closes the hole (361) by leaning against the pressure area (36) and pushes the third valve group (V3) into the sleeve (30). In this case, the hydraulic fluid and spring in the inner cavity (31 ) of the sleeve (30) are compressed. Subsequently, the third valve group (V3) provides limited hydraulic fluid passage. During these movements, the second valve group (V2) also provides a limited hydraulic fluid selection from the internal chamber (12) to the external chamber (14). In case the load on the piston assembly (10) is lifted, the valve groups are allowed to return to the first position (I) by allowing back fluid movement. During this process, if the secondary damping rod (21) is separated from the pressure area (35), the hole (361) remains open and fluid passage is quickly ensured. During this process, the spring (34) in the sleeve (30) is positioned by pushing the third valve group (V3) around the opening (32) with the pressure it applies.

In addition to the standard force loads in the piston assembly (10), sudden and high-energy forces are damped with this whole embodiment. During this process, it is also ensured that the compression density can be adjusted by the user by using a sleeve (30) with the third valve group (V3). In addition, since the fluid passage of the first valve group (V1 ) and the second valve group (V2) is adjustable, it is ensured that the desired damping adjustment can be made in the piston assembly (10). The protection scope of the invention is specified in the appended claims and cannot be strictly limited to those explained in this detailed description for illustrative purposes. It is evident that a person skilled in the art may exhibit similar embodiments in light of the foregoing without departing from the main theme of the invention.

REFERENCE NUMBERS GIVEN IN THE FIGURE

10 Piston Assembly

11 Internal Tube

12 Internal Chamber

13 External Tube

14 External Chamber

20 Piston Rod

21 Secondary Damping Rod

30 Sleeve

31 Inner Cavity

32 Opening

33 Sidewall

34 Spring

35 Base Apparatus

351 Housing

36 Pressure Area

361 Hole

V1 First Valve Group

V2 Second Valve Group

V3 Third Valve Group

T1 First Side

T2 Second Side

(I) First Position

(II) Second Position