The Field of the Invention

Invention relates to a functional fabric embodiment developed for use in living areas in need of blackening feature as well as heat insulation and late inflammable feature.

The invention particularly relates to a fabric embodiment containing a woven knit comprising of a primary warp yarn made from dobed dyed late inflammable PES yarn having 334/128 dtex yarn number, a secondary warp yarn made from melange late inflammable PES yarn having 152/192 dtex yarn number, a weft yarn made from dobed dyed late flammable PES yarn of 334/128 dtex yarn number.

Background of the Invention

The broader the windows inviting sunshine into living areas the spacious and health homes are. However, some rooms of homes having broad window glasses taking sunshine more than required need prevention of sun and light from outside from time to time. Particularly, having complete darkness in bed rooms is highly important for health. The studies indicate that deep and long sleep improves general health wellness and reduces stress level, helps prevention of cancer, keeps heart in good health, helps reduction in inflammation in the body and helps brain functions enabling individual to stay awake and enhance learning capabilities.

Living areas such as offices, nurseries, hotels etc. need prevention of sun shine and light in rooms having broad window glasses having too much sun shine from time to time. In such cases windows of rooms intended to be protected from light are fully covered by use of darkening or curtains called blackout. Darkening curtains called blackout produced specifically by a special weaving method and use of yarn type are the curtain type that creates desired darkness in the room by blocking all light that might enter into the room when curtains are close. Said curtains are frequently used in home, offices and hotel rooms as well as photography studios, Laboratories, movie theatres.

The fabrics functions by absorbing or reflecting some of visible light wave. The more the light is filtered the lower the light transfer is. When light transfer equals to cero, fabric is degined as black-out fabric. Blackout curtains also provide heat insulation and thus contribute to energy saving too. It not only prevents entrance of sun light 99% but also reduces exposure to UV lights in considerably good rate. In addition to all those, as the behind blackout curtins are not visible at all, it enhances privacy, blocks sun lights, protects surfaces of goods inside room against fading and absorbs noise outside.

Blackout curtains of the present state of art is provided by means of placing a blackout membrane made from thermoplastic polyurethane material comprising of a masterbatch active agent in PVC material or granule form between lower and upper fabric surfaces of the curtain. In such types of fabric embodiment direct contact of sun light to PVC coating is prevented. However, such blackout fabrics are not much preferred by users because it is difficult to clean.

In another method of production applied in the present state of art, feature of not allowing light is provided by means of weaving of curtain by use of single component yarn flaments. At least two yarns of black and white colours are woven in weft and warp direction and black yarn in the warp and tight feature of weaving prevents entrance of light behind the curtain. The patent application numbered JP2003089926A discloses a poly(trimethylene terephtalene (PTT) fibre containing carbon black for use in light protective curtains and similar ones. It is disclose that it can be woven in combination of PTT polyester fibre of the invention with different fibres to obtain blackout curtain. In the said weaving operation, PTT polyester yarn is used as weft and white polyester yarn is used as warp.

The patent application numbered TR 2020 01260 discloses a fabric coating emulsion that provides the fabric with the ability to maintain its flexibility even at low temperatures, late inflamability and blackout properties. More specifically, the present invention relates to a fabric coating emulsion characterized by high breaking resistance against cold by adding polyurethane to store curtain fabric, late inflammability by adding metal salts and blackout by applying crushed foam coating.

Fabric having blackout feature commonly used today are offered in filled, high weight, felt or mostly with coating. Therefore, it brings some difficulties in terms of use as well. For the sake of offering easy to use feature, fabrics having features of not allowing light emitting without any finishing or coating process, in medium weight and different functions.

In conclusion, due to above mentioned negativities and deficiencies, it is needed to make novelty in the related art.

Purpose of the Invention The present invention relates to heat insulation providing late inflammable blackout fabric meeting above mentioned requirements; eliminating all disadvantages and providing some additional advantages.

Main purpose of the invention is to disclose a fabric having late flammability, heat insulation and blackout features without any finishing or coating process by help of yarns used in weaving structure.

Another purpose of the invention is to design a medium weighted fabric to provide easy to use feature.

A further purpose of the invention is to disclose a fabric of which heat insulation, late inflammability and blackout features are not damaged after washing process.

Another purpose of the invention is to disclose a functional fabric embodiment of economic and fast to produce for use in various living areas needing blackout as well as late inflammability feature.

In order to achieve the above purposes, the invention is a fabric embodiment developed for use in various living areas needing blackout as well as heat insulation and late inflammability and characterized by, to provide said features, without any finishing and coating process application, comprising

• a primary warp yarn made from dobed dyed late inflammable PES yarn having 334/128 dtex yarn number,

• a secondary warp yarn made from melange late inflammable PES yarn having 152/192 dtex yarn number,

• Weaving knit containing weft yarn made from dobed dyed late inflammable PES yarn having 334/128 dtex yarn number.

In order to achieve purposes of the invention, fabric embodiment has 24 yarns/cm weft density and 80 threads/cm warp density.

In order to achieve purposes of the invention, fabric embodiment is 361,9 gr/m ² weight to provide easy to use feature. The structural and characteristics features of the invention and all advantages will be understood better in detailed descriptions given below and therefore, the assessment should be made taking into account the detailed explanations.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure -1 : Shows front cross-section view of fabric embodiment of the invention.

Figure -2: Shows perspective cross-section view of fabric embodiment of the invention.

The drawings are not necessarily to be scaled and the details not necessary for understanding the present invention might have been neglected. In addition, the components which are equivalent to great extent at least or have equivalent functions at least have been assigned the same number.

Description of Part References

10. Fabric embodiment

11. Primary warp yarn

12. Secondary warp yarn

13. Weft yarn

Detailed Description of the Invention

In this detailed description, the preferred embodiment of the heat insulation providing and late inflammable blackout fabric embodiment (10) being subject of the invention has been described in a manner not forming any restrictive effect and only for purpose of better understanding of the matter

Invention relates to a functional fabric embodiment (10) developed for use in living areas in need of blackening feature as well as heat insulation and late inflammable feature. The characteristic of the invention is to provide heat insulation, late inflammability and blackout features by means of primary warp yarn (11) secondary warp yarn (12) and weft yarn (13) in the weaving knit structure to the fabric embodiment (10) without any finishing and coating operation. Another feature of the fabric embodiment (10) of the invention is to have medium weight to provide easy to use feature.

In the studies conducted under the invention, fabric embodiment (10) of different structure and features were achieved in by different warp and weft density by weaving knits.

Study 1: Warp details; 150 deniers melange PES yarn 66 yarns/cm density.

Weft details; primary weft 152/192 dtex melange PES yarn, secondary weft 334 dtex dobe dyed PES yarn, 45 yarns/cm density.

334 dtex dobe dyed PES yarn used at back of obtained fabric is both late inflammable and does not allow colour fading during dying because of being dyed during crisp stage.

Study 2:

Warp details: primary warp is of 152/192 dtex melange PES yarn 30 threads/cm density, secondary warp 334/128 dtex dobed dyed PES yarn total 60 threads/cm warp density.

Weft details: 150/64 300 semi-matt texture PES yarn, 56 yarns/cm weft density.

Warp of two different types and numbers is designed. Warp density is reduced and warp yarn thickness used in secondary layer is increased. 334 dtex dobed dyed PES yarn used in warp is used and blackout rate is increased.

Study 3:

Warp details: primary warp is of 152/192 dtex melange PES yarn 30 yarns/cm density, secondary warp 334/128 dtex dobed dyed PES yarn 30 yarns/cm density, total 60 yarns/cm warp density.

Weft details; primary weft 334/128 dtex PES yarn, secondary weft 668/160 dtex PES yarn, 20 yarns/cm density.

By use of thicker weft yarns in warp system designed in study 2, blackout rate is tried to be increased by changing weaving pattern in lower weft frequency.

Study 4:

Warp details: primary warp is of 152/192 dtex melange PES yarn 30 yarns/cm density, secondary warp 334/128 dtex dobed dyed PES yarn 30 yarns/cm density, total 60 yarns/cm warp density.

Weft details; primary weft 334/128 dtex PES yarn, secondary weft 668/160 dtex PES yarn, 28 yarns/cm density.

By use of weft yarns designed in study 2 in warp system used in study 3 blackout rate is tried to be increased by changing weaving pattern in higher frequency.

Study 5: Warp details: primary warp is of 152/192 dtex melange PES yarn 30 yarns/cm density, secondary warp 334/128 dtex dobed dyed PES yarn 30 yarns/cm density, total 60 yarns/cm warp density.

Weft details; primary weft 334/128 dtex PES yarn, secondary weft 668/160 dtex PES yarn, 22 yarns/cm density.

By use of weft yarns designed in study 2 in warp system used in study 3 blackout rate is tried to be increased by changing weaving pattern in lower density.

Study 6:

Warp details: primary warp is of 152/192 dtex melange PES yarn 40 yarns/cm density, secondary warp 334/128 dtex dobed dyed PES yarn 40 yarns/cm density, total 80 yarns/cm warp density.

Weft details; weft 334/128 dtex PES yarn, 24 yarns/cm weft density

Warp yarns used in Study 2 is of more warp density of 80 yarns/cm and thus weaving pattern is changed. Upon the tests carried out on the fabrics obtained as a result of studies, it was discovered that the fabric having the desired features is obtained with study 6.

Fabric embodiment (10) shown in Figure 1 consists of two layers and comprises two types of warp yarns (primary warp yarn (11) and secondary warp yarn (12)) and one type of weft yarn (13) The primary warp yarn (11), secondary warp yarn (12) and weft yarn (13) used therein are Trevire® PES yarn and are of late inflammability feature. One of the methods applied for common late inflammable polyester is the adding of phosphinic acid comonomer into PET polymeric chain. One of late inflammable polyester fibres produced in this way is PES Trevira OS® fiber. The phosphorus component added to Trevira OS® fibres lowers the melting point of polyester; thus, fabrics produced with these fibres will shrink and haul off more quickly than normal polyester when exposed to flame. If burning occurs, the phosphor component therein makes a halogen gas around burning area and this halogen gas cuts the oxygen needed for burning and thus helps fabric extinguish itself. Dobe dyed yarns are dyed when in crisp stage. Dyeing at this stage provides advantages such as excellent colour fastness, bright colours, strength against UV fading when compared to conventional methods. In addition, as water is not used during dyeing, low energy consumption is provided and also use of chemicals and carbon rate decreases.

Primary warp yarn (11) used in weaving pattern of fabric embodiment (10) of the invention is dobed dyed (dyed from crisp) Trevira® late inflammable PES yarn. It has 334/128 dtex yarn size and number of filaments is 128. Secondary warp yarn (2) is of 152/192 dtex size and Trevira® melange late inflammable PES yarn and number of filament is 192. Weft yarn (13) is of 334/128 dtex yarn size and is dobed dyed (dyed from crisp) Trevira late inflammable PES yarn. Heat insulation and blackout feature of the fabric embodiment (10) is provided by means of warp yarn (11) and weft yarn (13) made from dobed dyed (dyed fro crisp) late inflammable PES yarn of 334/128 dtex yarn size PES yarn.

Fabric embodiment (10) of the invention is 361,9 gr/m ² weight. Average weft density is 24 yarns/cm, warp density is 80 yarns/cm.

In fabric embodiment (10) of which perspective cross-sectional view is shown in figure 2, weft saten is made with primary warp yarn (11) and weft yarn (13) and warp saten is made with secondary warp yarn (12) and weft yarn (13). Total light transmittance is measured as 0,001%, total solar transmittance as 0,0015%, UV transmittance as 0,001% according to EN410 standard thanks to structural features of primary warp yarn (11), secondary warp yarn (12) and weft yarn (13) used in weaving pattern structure of the fabric embodiment (10) of the invention, light non-permeability feature of saten pattern and weft density. In addition thermal conductivity (A) 0,0785 W/(m.K) value is achieved according to Thin Film Method with 3 ref. Method. Tests applied to fabric embodiment (10) of the invention according to EN 410 standard and results obtained therefrom are given in table 1.

Table -1 : Tests applied to fabric embodiment (10) of the invention according to EN 410 standard and results obtained therefrom