CRYSTALLIZATION OF 20R)-2-METHYL£ E-I9-

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENT APPLICATIONS

|0001] The present application claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. § 1 19(e) to

U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61 /652,959, filed on May 30, 2012, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR

DEVELOPMENT

[0002] This invetition was made with government support under DK047S14 awarded by the National institutes of Health. The government has certai rights in the invention.

BACKROUND 0003 i The field of the present invention relates to purification of organic compounds, and more particularly to the purification of the compound (20R)-2-rnethylene- 1 - nor>24-difiuoro-1a,25-dihydfoxyvitatwin ¾ (referred to herein as "F-24") by preparing the compound in crystalline form.

[0004] Purification of organic compounds, especially those designated for pharmaceutical use, is of considerable importance for chemists synthesizing such compounds. Preparation of the compound usually requires many synthetic steps and, therefore, the final product can be contaminated not only with side-products derived from the last synthetic step of the procedure but also with compounds that were formed in previous steps. Even chromatographic purification, which is a very efficient but relatively time-consuming process, does not usually provide compounds which are sufficientl pure to be used as drugs.

[0005 J Depending on the method used to synthesize l a iydroxyvitamin D compounds, different minor undesirable compounds can accompany the final product. Thus, for

- i/3i - example, if direct C-l hydroxylation of the 5,6-trans geometric isomer of vitamin D is performed, followed by SeO?/NMO oxidation and photochemical irradiation, (see Andrews et aL, J, Org. Chem. 51, 1635 (1986); Calverley et aL , Tetrahedron 43, 4609 (1987); Choudry el oi., J, Org. Chem, 58, 1.496 (1 93)), the final .1 a-bydroxyvitamin D product can. be contaminated with .1 p iyd.roxy- as well as 5,6-trans isomers. ^' If the method consists of C- l allylic oxidation of the 4-phenyM.2.,4-triazoiine-3,5~dione adduct of the pre~vitamin D compound, followed by cycioreversion of the modified adduct under basic conditions, (see Nevinekx et aL, Tetrahedron 47, 9419 (1991 ); Vaomaele et al., Tetrahedron 41, 141 (1985) and 40, 1 179 (1994); Varartaete el aL, Tetrahedron Lett. 23. 995 (1 82)), one can expect that the desired I a-hydrox vitamin can be contaminated with the pre-vitamin 5(10), 6,8-ttiene and Ιβ-hydroxy isomer. One of the most useful C-l hydroxylation methods, of very broad scope and. numerous applications, is the experimentally simple procedure elaborated by Paaren et al, , Org. Chem. 45, 3253 (1980); and Proc. Natl, Acad. Set U.S.A. 75, 2080 (1978). This method consists of allylic oxidation of 3,5- cyclovitamin D derivatives, readily obtained from the buffered soivoiysis of vitamin D tosy!ates, with SeOj/t-BuOOH and subsequent acid-catalyzed cycioreversion to the desired ία-hydroxy compounds. Taking into account this synthetic path it is reasonable to assume that the final product can be contaminated with the la-frydroxy epimer, the 5,6-trans isomer and the pre- vitamin D form. .1 a-hydroxyvharain D is another undesirable contaminant ^' found in 1 a- hydroxyvttamin D compounds synthesized from vitamin Ds or from ergosterol lct- hydroxyvitamin D4 results from C-l oxidation of vitamin D _4; which in turn is derived from contamination of the commercial ergosterol material. Typically, the final product may contain up to about 1.5% by weight 1 a-hydrox vitamin D.¾. Thus, a purification technique that would eliminate or substantially reduce the amount of 1 a iydr oxyvitamm D, _¾ in the final product to less than about 0, 1 -0,2% would be highly desirable,

[0006] The vitamin. D conjugated triene system is not only heat- and light- sensitive but. it is also prone to oxidation, leading to the complex mixture of very polar compounds. Oxidation usually happens when a vitamin D compound has been stored for a prolonged time. Other types of processes that can lead to a partial decomposition of vitamin D compounds consist of some water-elimination reactions. The driving force for these reactions is the ail lic ( 1 a-) and homoallyHc (3β-) position of the hydroxy groups. The presence of such above-mentioned oxidation and elimination products can be easily detected by thin-layer chromatography.

{0007 j Usually, all l -hydroxylatation procedures require at least, one chromatographic purification. However, even chromatographically purified 1 a-hydroxy vitamin D compounds, although showing consistent spectroscopic data that suggests homogeneity, do not meet the purity criteria required for therapeutic agents that can be orally, parenteraliy or transderaially administered. Therefore, it is evident that a suitable method of purification of the la- hydroxyl ated vitamin D compound F-24 is required-,

SUMMARY

{0008} Disclosed herein are methods of purifying F-24 by means of crystallization to obtain F-24 in crystalline form. The solvent plays an important role in the crystallization process, and is typically an individual liquid substance or a suitable mixture of different liquids. For crystallizing F-24, the most appropriate solvent and/or solvent system is characterized by the followin factors;

(1) low toxicity;

(2) low boiling point;

(3) significant dependence of solubility properties with regard to temperature (condition necessary for providing satisfactory crystallization yield); and

(4) relatively low cost.

{0009} Interestingly, hexane, so frequently used for crystallization purposes, was found less suitable as the sole solvent for crystallization of F-24. However, it was found that a. mixture of 2-propanol and hexane was most useful for the crystallization of F-24. In particular., it was determined that a mixture of about 10% to about 20% 2-propanol (v/v) with about 90% to about 80% hexane (v/v) (and preferably 15% 2-propanol (v/V) with about 85% hexane (v/v)) performed well. The 2-propanol/hexa«e solvent mixture also was easy to remove by evaporation or other well-known methods, in all cases, the crystallization process occurred easily and efficiently. The precipitated crystals were sufficiently large to assure their recovery by filtration or other means, and thus were suitable for x-ray analysis.

{00Θ1 Θ) Accordingly, disclosed herein is a compound having the formula:

in crystalline form. More specifically, the compound may be referred to as (20R)-2-methylene- J 9-nor-24-difluoro-l 0,25-dihydroxyvitamin Dj or "F-24" in crystalline form.

BRI EF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[ ^' 00011] FIG. I is an illustration of the three dimensional molecular structure for F-

24 as defined by the atomic positional parameters discovered and set forth herein,

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[00012] Disclosed herein is the compound (20R)-2-raethylene-19-nor-24-difluoro- 1 a,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (F-24) in crystalline form, a pharmacologically important compound, characterized by the formula 1 shown below:

[00013] Also disclosed axe methods of purifying F-24, The purification technique involves obtaining the F-24 product in crystalline form by utilizing a crystallization procedure wherein the material to be purified is dissol ved using as the solvent a mixture comprised of 2- propanol arid hexane to obtain F-24. Preferably the mixture comprises from about 10% to about 20% 2-propanol and about 90% to about 80% hexane, and preferably about 1 S% 2-propan.ol and about 85% hexane (by volume). Thereafter, the solvent can be removed by evaporation, with, or without vacuum, or other means as is well known, or the resultant crystals may be filtered from the mother liquor. The technique can be used to purify a wide range of final products containing F-24 obtained from any known synthesis thereof, and in varying concentrations, ranging from microgram amounts to kilogram amounts. As is well known to those skilled in this art, the amount of solvent utilized may be modulated according to the amount of F-24 to be purified,

EXAMPLES

[00014] The following examples are illustrative and should not be interpreted as limiting the claimed subject matter.

[00015] The usefulness and advantages of the present crystallization procedure is shown in the following specific Examples. After crystallization, the precipitated material was observed under a microscope to confirm its crystalline form. Yields of crystals were relatively high and the obtained crystals showed a relatively sharp melting point of i 63- 164°C (F-24).

{00016} The described crystallization process of the synthetic F-24 product represents a valuable purification method, which can remove most side products derived from the synthetic path. Such impurity Is the result of the contamination of starting raw materials. The crystallization process occurred easily and efficiently. The precipitated crystals were sufficiently large to assure their recovery by filtration, or other means, and thus were suitable for x-ray analysis.

EXAMPLE I f 00017]

dihydroxyvitaroin D^(F-24)

|00018} Crystallization from 2-propano /hexarte, (20R)-2-methytene~l 9-nor-24~ difluoro- 10,25-dihydroxyvitamin ¾ (9 mg), was suspended in hexane (4 mL) and then 2- propanol was added dropwise to the suspension. The mixture was heated in a water bath to dissolve the vitamin, then was left at room temperature for about I hour, and finally was kept in a refrigerator for about 48 hours. The precipitated crystals were filtered off, washed with a small volume of a cold (0°C) 2-propanol/hexaae (3: 1 ) mixture, and dried to give crystalline material, it should be noted that an excess of 2-propanol should be avoided to get the point of saturation, (I.e., only about 1 mole or less of 2-propanol should be added).

|OO019j Experimental. A colorless prism-shaped crystal of dimensions 0.42 x 0.01 x 0.01 mm was selected for structural analysis, intensity data were collected using a Broker AXS Platinum 135 CCD detector controlled with the PROTEUM software suite (Brukex AXS inc., Madison, Wl)„ The x-ray source was CuKct radiation ( 1.54178 A) from a Rigako RU200 x- ray generator equipped with Monte! optics, operated at 50 kV md 90 mA. The x-ray data were processed with SAINT version 7,06.4 (Bruker AXS Inc.) and internally scaled with SADABS version 2005/1 (Bruker AXS Inc.). The sample was mounted in a glass fiber and diffraction data col lected at 100 K, The intensity data were measured as a series of phi and omega oscillation .frames each of 1° for 90-1 SO sec/frame. The detector was operated in 1024 x 1024 mode and was positioned 5.0 cm from the sample. Ceil parameters were determined from a non-linear least squares fit of 8490 peaks in the range of .2.65 theta < 49.14°. The data were merged to form a set of 1.310 independent data wit R(.ini) ^: =0,0920.

(90920] T he monocKnic space group C2 was determined by systematic absences and statistical tests and verified by subsequent refinement. ^" Hie structure was solved by direct methods and refined by tiil!-raatrix least-squares methods on F ^* , fa) G.M. She!drick (1994), SHELXTL Version 5 Reference Manual, Broker AXS Inc.; (b) International Tables for Crystallography, Vol. C, Kluwer: Boston (.1995), Hydrogen atom positions were determined from difference peaks and ultimately refmed by a riding model with idealized geometry. Non- hydrogen atoms were refined with anisotropic displacement parameters. A total of 290 parameters were refined against 1 restraint and 1310 data to give wR2 = ^∞ 0.1.867 and S ~ 1.022 for weights of w l/[s ² (F ² ) + (0.1139P) ² }, where P [F ₀ ² + 2F _c ² ]/3. The final R(F) was 0.0669 for the 1310 observed data. The largest s ft/s.u. was 0.001 in the final refinement cycle and the final difference map had. maxima, and minima of 0.256 and -0.238 respectively. The absolute structure was determined by refinement of the Flack parameter, H.D. Flack, Acta CrysL A, vol. 39, 876-881 (1 83).

(00021} The three dimensional structure of F-24 as defined by the following physical data and atomic positional parameters described and calculated herein (Tables 1-8) is illustrated in FIG. 1 ,

Table I . Crystal data and structure. refinement for F-24,

Identi ication code 03aec2010

Empiri l "ormula C27H42 103

Formula weight 452.61

Temperature 100(1) K

Wave length 1.S 178 A

Crystal system Honccl itic

Space group C2

Unit cell dimensions a =« 23.8-55(5} A a « 9dr

b - 6,2?<S0(13} i |i - 12S.52 i3)- ^:) c - 20.711 (4 ) A γ §0 ^i:

Volume 2490 , 3 ( ) Ά- z 4

Density (calculated) 1.207 Mg/KT

Absorption coef icient 0.701 si ^"1

F iOOO) 9S4

Crysitai size 0.40 x 0.01 x 0.01 ίπϊϊί

hcta range for data coileotion 2.€5 :;o 49.14"

Liffsiting indices ~23<-h<-I8 _f 0<-k<-5, Oc-C-20

Re fle 1 _{Ώ 3 cα} I leet ed 8430

Independent reflections 1310 (Kfint) - 0.0S20)

Completers ss to cheta =·· 25,00 100.0 %

ΜΆΖ . and rein, ti: arisnii ss ion 0.S93Q and 0.7669

Re fi r>e■■; ent rae thod Pull-metrix least-squares on F ^s a ta / restraints / araifie i;sis 1.310 / 1 / 2 SO

Goodness-o 0~fit or; IT 1.022

Fin-si R indices [It-Sad! R.I - 0.CS2S, vR2 - 0.1867 xndioec- (all data) Rl - 0.1443, wR = 0.2297 Largest dxf f . peak and hole 0.256 and -0.238 e/lc

Table 2. Atomic coordinates (A ^* x 10 ⁴ ) and equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (A ² x IQ ^' .Vfor F-24 U(eq) is defined asMe third of the trace o

x y 2 U iaq)

F :if 4444 ^' 4 S 7976 :i ! 1353 '5} 95 3)

F ;2} 4760 _. 4) S304 a 7 i 2162 ,5) 90 3}

0 :i } -1250 n 9715 :iss --4277 {5} 77 (3 )

0 : 3 ) -1985 (5) 3583 (13) -5132 (6) 83 > 5

0 ^' 25} 610 .5} 5430 20} 262? '65 82 3}

c 114} IS 22 ^• 7 ) 3190' : 3 o s - 1945 {9! 63 f 45

;i35 236? i7 ! 27 SO .30} "1733 CSS 59 ;s j

C ; * - 1165 (7Ϊ 4S40 (30! --5413 (8) 7 ⁽ 5 }

.10) -681 ;7) 7630 ;30} -4283 OS! 72 ( 53

c iSi -278 ; 7 ) 5360 :30! --4S5I O) 62

.¾) 1057 ) 680 130} -30S5 (Si 69 25 !

c ;2?i 5839 7S 8160 30} 170 '3) 88 6}

c ;i?} 2833 7 ) 3210 (30 ) -814 ί 3 > 66 }

c 1 } - 1 Ί 23 :s) 7730 '30} - -3521 ( ^" Si 63 (Si

c -IS57 (8) 7350 (30) -5422 {10? 70 ⁽ S )

719) -2400 ;ss 8730 ,30} -536.1 CSS 60

c ;i } 2369 7 ; 510 ^■ 30 S - 1 S 8 S (9i 70 '.5}

1770 7) 150 130} -2863 SS ^" 3 ( 5 i

c a 5) 1707 7 j 6220 ^' 30} -ISIS Oi 30 '.£ i

c ,6) -46 (S) 4130 ;30) - 40 1 (5) 65 « ^' S )

c ^■ 26) 5691 .7) 8780 30 } 2300 3} 88 6}

c ;s) 1030 ?! ; 305 -2802 (3) 66 ;s)

c ; i 8 ;< 2523 l ^" S 4320 [30} -2154 CSS 73 (5 !

c :20} 3602 (7 ) 3590 (30) -353 (9) 70 (55

.3} -- 239 S ;7) 5020 ;30} - 5 S 28 C 5 S 72 ( 3 !

c ;25} 5644 ^' 6) 7180 ^' 30} 2222 ^' Il! 73 5}

) 531 i8) 390 (30} -3271 {10} 70 25 !

c : 3) 4709 ;?) 4300 :3ΰ) 1009 '2; 74 35)

c 3957 7 ) 4050 (30 ) 543 (5) 79

c ^■ 21) 3963 ;si 1630 30 } - 4 1 cio) 105

c :i€} 2463 ^' ?ί 5150 ; 3 o } -720 {9! 80 is ;

c ;2 > 4886 i3 i 6230 ,30) 1673 ;ii) 73 (5)

Tabte 3, Bond lengths f A] for F-24.

I } --- C (24) 1 397 (13)

F 2) - C {24} 1 363 {17}

0 1} - C (1} 1 441 (18}

0 1) ·· H ( IK) 0 8400

c> 3) - C (3} 1 392 {13}

0 3) - H (3&) 0 8400

0 25) -C (25) 1 420 {13 }

0 25} - K { 2 S A ) 0 8400

c 14) -0(8} I 47 S { 19 }

14} -C US} i 50 {Z )

c 14} -C {13) I 5^1 (19)

c 21 } -H U4A) 1 0000

c ί 13 } -C {18} 1 43 ( Z )

c (13} -c (12; 1 32 (2)

c 1 } -C {17} 1 553 (18)

c : ^< ¾) - C (5) 1 510 {13}

c .4}- c (3; .1 525 (18)

c : 4 > - H { 4 ft} 0 9900

> - H ( 4 B ) 0 S900

c : i Q ) ~ C. {1} i 530 (19)

c il5! -C (5) 1 60 (2)

o :i f - H { 13 ) 0 9000

c ( 10 } - H (ΙΰΒΪ 0 9300

c .5) - C (6) 1 30 ^■ {?.}

c (9) - C {11} 1 513 {18 ;

c .9 ; ~ C (S · 54 US

c ( 9 > - K { OA 5 0 9900

c ;s> - H <3B) 0 9 S 00

^' 27) -C {25 } 1 53 (2)

c (27 } -11 (2ΊΆ) 0 9300

Q '27) -- H { 2 } 0 0800

c (27 > -K (27C) 0 9300

: 17 } -C {20} .1 490 (18)

c (1 ) -0 (16} 1 53 (2)

c ; 17 } ~ K ( 17 A ) 0000

c ( 1 ) ·· C {2} I 53 (2)

c ; i ) - H UB} 1 0000

o <2} ^~ C (19) 1 31 ⁽ 23

c (2) - C (3) 1 55 (2)

c (IS} -K {ISA} 0 3500

c ( 9 > -H U9B) 0 .9300

c {12} - {1 } 1 517 ( 7)

c (12) ----H(12¾) 0 , 9 00

c {12} - K ( 12 B } 0 . S900

c (11) -R { 1 A) 0 , 900

- US/ 1 - c ,1.U -κ {iiB} 0. S900 c : 15 > -C {!«) I , 562 (18) c ;is> ^■ - ^• H {ISA} 0.9900 c -H USB ⁾ 0.3900 c (6) - Ci?i i .397 S) c :¾} - H ( 6A) 0. S¾00 c (2S) -C ΐ 25 ) 1.51 (2) c .26} -H{26A) 0. SS00 c (26) -H ( 6B) 0. §800 c ;26} -·Η {26Ci 0.9S00 c < 8 ) - C ( 7 ) 1.35 (2) c (IS) -ίί (ISA) 0.9300

1¾) -BU83) 0.3800 c -H {ISC) 0. 300 c ;20} -C {2i » 1 , 54 (2) c (20 > ~C (22) 1.550 US) c ;20} - R { 20 A } 1 , 0000 c (3) - H { B 5 I , 0000 c ;2S} -C(24 ) I .55 (2) c - K (7 A) 0 , 9500 c (23} -c (24 ; 1.47 (2)

^' 23} -C {22) 1 , 519 (18} c :;;3> -H (23¾) 0. 900 c .23} - K { 238 } 0. §900 c :22 > ---K(22¾) 0.9900 c ,22} -- K { 22 B } 0.5900 c ; 21 ) -R (21 A) 0 , 3300 c (21} - H { 21 B } 0 , SS0O c :2i} -K{21C) 0 , 3800 c (IS} - H Q6A} 0.9900 c .1 } - K { 16 B } 0 , 3 00

Table 4, bond angles f °] for F-24,

c .1 } --0 ( I ) - H { I A) 109. sr c (3) -0 (3} ~H (3A) 108.. 5 c ;2S} --0{25) -·Η «25Α) 109. 5 c :S) --C (14) --C {15} 120, 2 (14) c (8) -C (14) -C {13} 115. 3 (12) c 15} -C {145 --C (13) 104. 0 (12) c IS) ~C (14) -Η514Ά} 05. 4 c .15} -C {14 } -H ( .4 A} 105. 4 c ;i 3 } V: { 145 {1 A) 105. 4 c ;iij} -C {13} -C «12 ) HO . 5 (12} c ;i8} -C {13) " (17) 110, 9 (13} c ;I2} --C{13) -C UT ) IIS . 3 ( 13 } c (18} "C {13} -C (14) 111. 3 (13) c (12) -C {13} -C (14) 107. 1 (12) c 1 } -C {13} -C: (14) 00. 3 (11) c :5) -C (4} -C (3) 115. 1 (12) c .5} "C (4) -H( 4 A) 08.

c ;3) ~C (4) ^» ¥i <4A) 108. 5 c ,5} -C ( ) -H {4B} 108. 5 c !3) -C {4} -H (4B) 108. 5

H (4A) -C (4) ~B {4B} 107. 5

0 .Ί) -C {10} -C Ϊ5) 108. 1 (13) c 11) -C (10) -HH5A) 110. 1 c .5} ~C (10) ~H il0¾) 110. 1 c ( ) -C ( 1 G ) - K { 1 C;B ) 10. 1 c .5} ~-C ( 10) -- K i iOB) 110. 1

H (I0A) -C (10) -H ί I OB) 103.. 4 c ;6} -C <5) -C (4 ) 124. 7 i 18 ) c !6) --C (5} ~C (10) 123, 1 (14) c (4> -C (S) -C (IO) 112. 2 (15) c ill} -C {3} ~C 58) 112. 2 (13) c :i l) ~C (9) -K{9A) 09. 2 c .8} ~C (9) -H(SA) 109, c ~ (3) -H {93} 109.

c .8} -C (9) -H( SB} 109. 2

H ;9A) -C {9} · ^■ H (9B) 107, 9 c ;25) --C{27) -·Η (27Α} 109. 5 c (23} --C (27 } - B ( 27 S } 109. 5 li (27A) -C (27) -H (27Ri 109. 5 c .25) -C {27} -H (27C) 109.

H :27 > ~C (27) -H (27C) 09. 3

H ;27B) ^■■ : (27) - H (2 ^" C) 109. 5

C ;20 } C ( 7 } --C {13 ) 121. 4 (12)

C ,20) -C (17} -C «16! Ill . 1. ( 3) c :13} --C {17 ) --C (16) 104 , 0 (12} c [20) -C {1.7} ~B (17A) 106.5 c ;i3) --C {27 ) --K (17A) 106, S c ,IS> -CQ7) -H <17A) 106. 5

0 Ί) -C (1) ~C (2! Ill . 7 (13)

0 iij-cili -c (10) ll . ¾ (12) c 2) "C (I ) -C (10) 110. 4 (13)

0 P.) -C (1 } -H (IE) 107. 7 c .2} ~-C (1) H i Hi] 107. 7 c (10) -C{i) -HUB) 107..

c ,13} -Ci2) -C (1) 126. 8 1 } c il 9) ~C {2} ~C (3) 123, 4 (16} c tl)-C (2) -co; 105- . 6 (15)

^' 25 -C (IS<) -H USA) 120, 0 c !2) ~C (IS) -H{!¾3) 120. 0

H ISA) -C (IS) - H (1 SB) .1 0. 0 c (13) ~C (12) ~C (1 } 1. 2 (12) c (13) C ( 12 ) --R ( 12A) iOfi. 4 c 211} -C (12 ) -H ( 12&) 10S . 4 c :13) --C (i2) -8(128) 109, 4 c (11) -C (12) - H ( 12 ) 105. 4

H 12A) -C (12) -K (12B) 108. 0 c 9) ~C (11) -C{!2} 14. 6 (13) c , S>) -C (11) -K (HA) 106.

c :i2 ) C ( il ) (11A) 108. 6 c ,¾) -C (ll) ~K <U.B) 106.

c ;i2) -C (11) -Β(Ι18) 10 S . 6

H Il I A) -C ill) -H (113) 107. 6 c i4) -c;is} -c (iS) 105. 3 (13) c E I 4 > - C £ 15 ) -H ( 15.« ) 10'. 7 c 16} -C {15} ~B ( SA) 110. 7 c ( 1 ) -C (1 ) ~K (15B) 0.

c .16} ~C {15} -H (15B; 110. 7

H (15A} -C (15) - H ! 153 ) 108. 0

C ,5) ~C (S) ~C (7) 131. 2 (17)

.5) -C (6) -H (6A) 11 , 4 c (7) -C (6> - H ( $A ) 114. 4 c 25) - C {26} -H (26A) 109. 5 c (25 > -C (26) -K (268) 105. 5

H 2SA) -C (26} - f-i (2€B) 1 9. 5 c 25) ~C ( 6 ) -H ( C) iO¾. 5

H ,26A) --C (26) - K (2€C) 109.

H ;2:6B) -C (2:6) - K (26C) 109., s

C ,7) ~C (8) -C (14) 126. 0 (1 ) c i ^' f ) -C (8} --C i9) 124. S (13) c (I4) -C (8) -C <¾) 105. 5 (14)

13} - {18} -B (ISA) 109, c ^" 13 ) ~ C i 18 ) - H (1SB) 05. 5 H ,18 A) --C ( Ϊ S } - H. { 18 B ) 10 Si .5 c ;i3)--C{18) --H(ISC) 109, S

H .ISA) -C(IS) - ^■ H { 18 ; 109. 5

IBB) -C (18) -H (18C) 109. s

C (17) -C £20 ) -C ⁽ 21) Ill . 2 (13 ⁾ c 17} -C {20} -C (22) 112. 4 (12) c (2:1) -C (20) -C (22) 110'. 0 (13) c .17) -C {20 ) -H (20A; 107. 7 c (21) -C (20) -K (20A) 107. ? c .22} --C{20> -H(20A) 107. 7

0 (3) ~C (3) ~c <<n 110, S (13)

0 (3) ~C (3) -C(2; 110' . 5(13)

^' 45 -C (3) -C i2! 103, 3(14}

0 !3) ~C (3} -H (3B) 110. 0 c 4 } -C (3) -H { 3B) 1 0. 0 c (2) ~C (3; ~H (3B> 110. 0

0 ,25} ~C {25} --C (26) 112. 2 (14

0 (25 ) ~C (25 ) ---0(27} 106. 0 (14 ⁾ c ,26) -C{25) -C(27) 112. 3 ( 15 )

0 :25 ) --C (25) --C (24) 106, 3 (14) c (23) -C (25) -C (24) 1 0. 3 (14)

^' 27} -C {25} -C (24) 109 , S (14) c IS) ~C (?) ~C (6) 126. 5(36) c .3) ~C (7) -Hpa.) 11 . 3 c ;6) ~C ⁽ 7) ~H <7A) 1 6. S c ,24} -C {23} -C (22) Ill . 6 (12) c !24 ) -C {23 ) --H (23A5 1 9. 3 c t22) -C (23) -R (23A; 109. 3 c ^' 24}-C{23} -B(23B} 109. 3 c (22) ~C (23 ) -H ( 23B ) 109. 3

H 23A> -C (23) -H (23B) 103. 0 c (23)~C(22) ~C(20) 1 4. 2 (12) c ,23} -C {22 } -H (22Ά) 105. 7 c (2:0)-Ci22) -H{22A> 03, 7 c ,23} --C{22 > -·Η(22Β) 10S . 7

:20) - {225 --H (22S) 108 ,

H (22A) -C (22) -H (223) 107. 6 c ^' 20) -C {21 } -H (21A5 109. 5 c (20>™C(21)~H(21B> 105. S

H 2 I A) -C (21) - K (2 ^' iB) 109. 5 c ;20 ) ~C ( 21 ) -H ( 2 IC) 109. 5

H ,2iA) --C (21) - K (21C) 109. 5

H ;21B) -C (2:1) - K (21C) 109.. S

C ,13) --C{16) --C(17) 105. 7 (12) c fl3)-C{16} -B(I6A) 110 , c (I7)-C (16) -H(16A) 10. &

15} -C { 6} ^■■ B ( 1 SB } 110. 6 c ^" 17 ) ~ C ( 16 ) - H ( i 6B) 110. 6 H { 16 A ) 0 ( 6} - K (1€B) 10 β .7 F < 2 ) - C ( 24 } - F ( I ) 103.0 (12) F{2) -C (24) -C (235 110.8 (15) E U -C (24) -C (23) 108.4 (13} F{2) -C (24) -C Ϊ 25 ) 107.3 (14) Fil) "C (24) ~C (25) 1 ΰ 6.0' ( 15 ) C (23 > -C (2 ) -C > E5} 119.9 (1 )

Table 5. Anisotropic displacement parameters (A* x lO ³ ) for F-24. The anisotropic

displacement factor x onent takes the form ''-2g ² [lr<:?*2Uj ± ±.2hk(?.t>*llr$

iJil U22 U33 U23 013 $12

F :i5 30 (6} 86 104 (7! 4 (6! 47 5) 17 6}

F ( ) 91 {6} 87 19) SB (6! -1 (6) 57 ;s; _^

0 1} 88 (7¾ 53 ^' iOj 73 {6} -S (8) 41 .¾} 1 ;¾)

0 :35 96(8} 56 I 9) 101 ίδ) 8 (7} 60 7) -.8 (7)

0 .25} 76 (6) 76 ^' 9; 89 ( 7 } 1 < 7' 5 47 5) - 3 07} c ;i > 88 (11) 5 (10) 50 {11} -1155} 50 S) -- ^■ 10 (3j c :i3} 56 15} 63 ; θ) -1510) 45 (9) -1 (95 c Ά) ^" 6(10 ) 61 15) 91 (12) 23(11} S2 10} 25 10 ) c ;io) 75(12} 52 ,15} ;s} ^■•• 3 (10) 3S (9) -3 (55 c (S) S2 (10) 78 Ί5) 74 (11) ^■• 2 (11) 36 :s) (11) c (9} 68 (10} 36 {13} 88 (10) -15 (10) (8! -10 (5) c ^' 27} 73 (10) 97 ^' I ^' ?} 86 (11) 28 (12) 52 9) 8 11) c : i ) 84 (11) 42 {12} 84 ( 11 } 4(9} 57 : i ) 1 ;s> c .IS 13 Ί2) 94 (.2) -18 (9) 46 ; o) -16 !95 c [2; 64 ill) 54 116} 75 (135 0(11} 32 us -- ^■ 12 (9) c , 13 } 83 ( 1} SO 17} S3 ;i2) -12 (12} 54 (10} -10 !12) c ;i2} 79(10) 32 (13) 94 (12) 13(10} 49 10} 3 95 c ill} 79 ( 10 } 33 ,12} 35 ; 1 > -- ^■ 1859) 36 (55 --6 !95

0 .15} 79(11) 49 ^• 14 ) 115 (12) 6 (12) 59 10} 6 10} c (6) 50 (9} 61 U3¾ 74 : 11 ) 4 { 3 Ϊ 31 (9) 8 (9) c .26} 82 (11) 76 ' 1 ¾ } 98 ( 12 ) -8 (11) S 0 :io) -7 (10) c (0) 55 i 10 } 67 US} 88 (10) -11510) 28 :9i -13 ( 0) c .18} 99(11} S2 13} 84 :i ) -159 i 64 :io) --15 ⁽ 95 c (20) 50 (10) 4:4 12) 92 (12) -15 0) 36 ^' 9} 3 : ) c ;3) 74 (11} SS ,16} 73 ;10) -15511) 37 (9! -4 [ 10 ) c :25) 77 (13) ^' 15? 98 (13) 14 (11} 5 IS 2 10) c c?} 66(10} 48 [12} 78 (11) 19510) 38 {10} 10 ,10} c 123) 83(12) 61 ' 14 ) 73 iXO) --20 (10) 48 :oi -■- 3 (10) c ^* 2.2) 76(11) 7g {14} 77 ill) -65 0) 43 : } -6 (. 0} c .21 } 78 (12) 110 ' 1 } 99 ( 12 ) -IS (12) 3? : o) -3 (12) c : i s ) 9 (12) 52 MS) 107 (12; -33 i l) 67 11) -13 (11} c .24} 66(12} 89 17} 91 ; 13 ) 14 (13) 52 lis 12 11}

Table 6. Hydrogen coordinates (A ² x 10*) and isotropic displacement parameters (A" ¹ x 10 ^' "} for F-24.

B -- 1670 10640 - 4627 113

H -2379 3772 ^• -5284 125

K 6210 5340 3033 123

H 1358 2057 --1684 76

R : A) - 1099 3363 "5526 89

H ^■ 4B) -1132 5302 -5787 23

K -337 7S17 -3695 88

K .3B) 707 584 -3673 83

H Γ27Α) 6307 8780 2348 133

R ,278) S501 9273 1353 133

:··; ;27Ci 5832 7048 1364 133

R ;i7¾) 2777 1957 -560 79

K IB) - 1473 6556 -4233 31

R ;19A} ^■ - ^■■ 2411 10144 -5804 96

K I9S) -2711 0324 -65 9 96

R ;I2A) 2323 - 98 -1651 3

K .123) 2817 -1304 84

H U1A) 1850 1023 -3200 38

R 1774 -Ϊ353 - 2939 88

H Ί 5¾) 1361 5317 - 1400 96

fi ; SB) 1647 6473 -1846 96

K ;? .¾;< -SO 2S20 -4306 79

R 5563 3086 3121 132

K ,26B) 53 0 9964 2496 132

H ;2€C) 6169 9327 3156 132

R i8A} 2989 4030 -2009 109

H !iSBi 2508 5774 -1294 102

R -2254 4751 -621S 86

K ;7.¾) 576 5736 -3033 85

R (23A) 5023 3547 1228 83

K ,23B) 47 ^" 7 5551 638 89

H 222At 3684 5146 S91 35

R ,22B) 3943 2733 804 35

H ^' 2lAt 3749 1454 -10 1 158

R ;2iB) 3909 13 -211 158

K ;2iC) 4460 2010 -155 158

R ;l€A) £456 4936 36

H SB) 2715 8437 -643 96 Table 7. Torsion angles fdeglj for F-24.

c IS) -C (14) -CU3) -C(18) £ 2.3 { 18 ) c (15) -C (14 ) -C (13) -C {1.8} -71.4 (13! c ^' Sf -C (14! -C i 13) -C (12) -53.5 (17) c (15) -Cil ) -C (13) -C [12) 107.8 S 2 } c [&} -C (1.4) -C ( 13} -C < ?) 17$. (14) c : 15 } -- C {14 ) -0 (13} --C ( I ^' ? } 45.2 ; IS) c 13> ~C <4) -C (5) -C (δ) 12 , ¾ { 7)

(3} -C <4> -C (S) -C (10) -S2.¾ (19) c Ui -C (10) -C {S) -C (S) - 30.4 ( 5) c ;i } -c (10) ~c (S) -c ( ) 43.7 (15 c :i a) -c (13) -c (1?) -c {2o; -46 (2) c ;i2) -C {13} -C (17 ! -C (20) 31. ( 9) c (14) -0 (13) -C (17) -C {20} "163.9 (1 ) c ,13} -C{13} -C (17 ) -C (16) 19. i ll 4) c (12) -C (13) -C (17) --C {16} - 23.1 ( 3) c ,14} -C {13} -C (17 ) -C (16) -33.0 (14! fS) -C (10) -CU) -0 (1) 17 $ .2 { 11 ) c (5) -C (10) -O il) -C (2) - 57.1 ( 7) o ;i} ~C (l) -C {2 ) -C (19) 2 (2) c M 0) -C (1) -C (2) -CilS) -1 2.3 (13) o ;i} ~c (.t.) "C {2 ) -c (5; -133.5 (13! c ;10) -C (1) -C {2) -C (35 06, 3 (17; c (IS) -C {13} -C (12 ⁾ -C ill) -66.7 (16! c ;i7) -C {13} -C (12} -C (11) 10.5.3 { 12 } c (Hi -C {13} -C U2) -C ill) 54.6 ί IS) c (S) -C (9) -C (11) -C (12! 21 (2} c (.1.3) -C (1 ?) -C (11 ) ~C {9) -55.1 (19! c ^' S} "C (1.4) ~C i 15) -C (16) -166.0 (13) c (13) -0 (14 ) -" (15) -C {16} -35.1 (15) c 14} -C (5) ~C <6j -C (7) 179.7 ( 1 ) c :iQ) -C {5} -C (6) -C Π) 0 (3} c ,13) -C{14 } -C (8) -C<7) 0 (2)

(13} ~0 {14 } -C (8) '-C(7) -125.3 (16) c (15) ~C {1 S ~C fS) -C (9) -173.6 (13! c ;13} -C {145 -C (S) -C<¾) 55.6 ( 17) c ( 1) -C (9) -C {8} -C{?) 130.3 (16} c ,1 ) ~-C (9) ~C (S) -C {14 S -50.0 (17! c (13) -Gil 7 } -C (20) -C {21} -53 (2)

US) -C {17} -C (20 ⁾ - (21) 179.7 (13) c Ί3) -C {17 ) --C (20) -C {22} 173, 5 Jig c (16) -C (17) -C (201 -C {22} 55.9 (18! c iS} -C (4) -C i3) -0 (3) -62 ( } c (5) ~C (4 } ~C (3) ~C (2) 57 (2) c ;i9) -C {2) -C (3) -O {3) -124..0 (17) c ;i ) ~C (2} ~C i3) -0 (3) 56.3 (15) c ;i3) -C (2) -C (3) -C (4) 1 3.2 (16) C (2> ~ C { 3 ) -C ( ) ~£3.0 (17:

1 ) --C <8) -C (7) -C (6j - 7 ,1 (14) 9) - C ( 85 - C (7) -C (S) 2 (2) S5 - C (6) - C (7} -C (8) 173.8 (17) 24) 20) 149.6 {15) 17) -C (22) ~C 23) - 70^ .3 (1 ) 21) -C ( 2 } -C 23; 65.2 { I S ) 14) ( 6 C 17) 10.7 (10) 2:0) -C {16} -G 15) 1 0.1 (.13} 13} -C (16) 15) 1 S .0 ! S ) 22) --C (24} ^• F 2) 54.0 (18 22) - -C (24) -F 1 } -58.4 (18! 22} - ^~ C (24} -C 25) 179. (16) 25) ^■ -C ( 24 } -F 2} 63.3 (18} 26} -C (24i -F 2} -58.5 (12) 2: 7 > ^■ -C (24) ^• F 2) 177. 4 (15} 25} -C (24) -F i} 172 9 (14) 2:6} ^■ "C t 24 ) -F 1) 51 1 (IS} 27} - ^■• F 1) -73 0 (173 25) · -C 23) -64 (2} 26} - ~c 23) 174.0 (16) 27} · -c 23) SO (2)

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d n .:: 100022] References

1000231 1. CrysAlis RED, Oxford Diffraction Ltd., Version L171..28cycie2 beta (release 25-10-2005 CrysAlisl?l.NET) (compiled. Oct 25 2005,08:50:05). Empirical absorption correction using spherical harmonics, implemented in SCALES ABSPACK scaling algorithm.

|00024| 2. CrysAlis CCD, Oxford Diffraction Ltd., Version 1.17L2Scyc!e2 beta; CrysAlis RED, Oxford Diffraction Ltd., Version I .171.28cycte2 beta.

(000251 3. G. . Sheldrick, Acta Crystallogr. 1990, A46, 467-473.

(000261 4. G. M. Sheldrick, SHELXL93. Program for the Remimment of Crystal Structures., Univ. of Gottingen, Germany.

[000271 5. International Tables for Crystallography, Ed. A. J. C. Wilson, Kluwer:Dordrecth, 1992, VoS.C.

EXAMPLE 2

[00028] Synthesis of F-24. The preparation of F-24 having the basic structure I can be accomplished by a common genera! method otherwise referred to as the condensation of a bicyclic Windans-Grundmann type ketone 11 with the allylic phosphine oxide 111 to the corresponding 19-nor-vitam D analog IV followed by deproiection at C-l and C-3 in the latter compound 3V to obtain compound 3 (F~24).

[00029] in phosphine oxide HI, Y and Yj axe preferably hydroxy-protecting groups such as stlyl protecting groups. The t-buty!dimeihylsilyl (TMDMS) group is an example of a particularly useful hydroxy-protecting group. The process described above represents an. application of the convergent synthesis concept which has been applied effectively to the preparation of numerous vitamin D compounds (see Lythgoe ef a/., J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Tram.

590 (1 78); Lythgoe, Chem. Soc. Rev. 9, 449 (1983); Toh ei at., J. Org, Chem. 48, 1414 (1983); Baggiolini et al., J. Org. Chem. 51, 3098 (1986); Sardina ef ai., J, Org. Chem. 51 , 1264 ( 1986); J. Org. Chem, 51 , 1269 (1986); DeLuca ef /., U.S. Pat. No. 5,086,191; DeLuca ef ai, U.S. Pat. No. 5,536,713; and DeLuca et l, U.S. Pat. No, 5,843,928 all of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety and for all purposes as if fully set forth herein. [0O 30J Phospliine oxide ill is a convenient reagent that can be used to prepare a large niimber of 1.9~nor-vitarmn D compounds and is prepared according to the procedures described by Sicinski et al, . Med. Ch m., 41, 4662 (1998), DeLuca et a!., U.S. Pat. No. 5,843,928; Perlmari. et ah. Tetrahedron Lett 32, 7663 (1991); and DeLuca et ttl, U.S. Pat. No. 5,086,191 which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety as if fully set forth herein.

[90031] An overall process for the synthesis of compound I is illustrated and described more completely in U.S. Pat. No. 5,843,928 entitled "2-Alkylidene-l 9-Nor- Vitamin D

Compounds," the specification of which is specifically incorporated herein by reference.