CRYSTALLIZATION OF {20RH9- OR-24-

IMFLU0RO-J i S-D!H YDRO W!TAMiN 0j

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENT APPLICATIONS

|0001] The present application claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. § 1 19(e) to

U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61 /652,949, filed on May 30, 2012, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR

DEVELOPMENT

[0002] This invention was made wit government support under DK047S14 awarded by the National institutes of Health. The government has certain rights in the invention.

BACKGROUND 0003 i The field of the present invention relates to purification of organic compounds, and more particularly to the purification of the compound (20R)~ 1.9-nor-24~dil ^: luoro- 1 a.25-dihydrox itamin 1¾ (referred to herein as "24F2-DM") by preparing the compound in crystalline form.

[0004] Purification of organic compounds, especially those designated for pharmaceutical use, is of considerable importance for chemists synthesizing such compounds. Preparation of the compound usually requires many synthetic steps and, therefore, the final product can be contaminated not only with side-products derived from the last synthetic step of the procedure but also with compounds that were formed in previous steps. Even chromatographic purification, which is a very efficient hot relatively time-consuming pfocess, does not usually provide compounds which are sufficientl pure to be used as drugs.

[0005 J Depending on the method used to synthesize l a iydroxyvitamin D compounds, different minor undesirable compounds can accompany the final product. Thus, for

l example, if direct C-l hydroxyiation of the 5,6-trans geometric isomer of vitamin D is performed, followed by SeOv'N O oxidation and photochernical irradiation, (see Andrews et at., J, Org. Chem. 51 , 1635 (1986); CaJverley et al., Tetrahedron 43, 4609 ( 1987); Choudry et al., J, Org. Chem. 58, 1.496 (1 93)), the final .1 a-hydroxyvitamin D product can be contaminated with I p-hydroxy- as well as 5,6-trans isomers. I f the method consists of C- l allylic ox idation of the 4-phenyl~1.2,4-triazolme-3 _> 5~dione adduct of the re-vitamm D compound, followed by cycloreversion of the modified adduct under basic conditions., (see Nevinekx et al., Tetrahedron 47, 9419 (1991 ); Vanmaele et at.. Tetrahedron 41, 141 (1985) and 40, 1 179 (1994); Vanmaele et al., Tetrahedron Leit. 23. 995 (1982)), one can expect that the desired la-hydroxy vitamin can be contaminated with the pre-vitamin 5( 10), 6,8-triene and Ιβ-hydroxy isomer. One of the most useful C-l hydroxyiation methods, of very broad scope and numerous applications, is die experimentally simple procedure elaborated by Paaren et al. _f J, Org. Chem. 45, 3253 (1980); and Proc. Natl. Acad. Set U.S.A. 75, 2080 (1978). This method consists of allylic oxidation of 3,5- eyelovitamin D derivatives, readily obtained from the buffered solvolysis of vitamin D tosylates, with SeO /t-BuQOH and subsequent acid-catalyzed cycloreversio to the desired la-hydroxy compounds. Taking into account this synthetic path it is reasonable to assume that the final product can be contaminated with the la-hydroxy epimer, the 5,6-trans isomer and the pre- vitamin D form, l a-hydroxy vitamin D4 is another undesirable contaminant found in l.a- hydiOxwitamin D compounds synthesized from vitamin D2 or from ergostexol. la- hydroxyvitamin D4 results from C-l oxidation of vitamin D ₄ , which in turn is derived from contamination of the commercial ergosterol material. Typically, the final product may contain up to about 1.5% by weight la-hydroxy vitamin. D4. Thus, purification technique that would eliminate or substantially reduce the amount of la-hydroxyvitamin D,¾ in the final product to less than about 0.1 -0,2% would be highly desirable,

|0OO6J The vitamin D conjugated triene system is not only heat- and light- sensitive but it is also prone to oxidation, leading to the complex mixture of very polar compounds. Oxidation usually happens when a vitamin D compound has been stored for a prolonged time. Other types of processes that can lead to a partial decomposition of vitamin D compounds consist of some water-elimination reactions. The dri ving force for these reactions is the ailylic (la-) and homoallyiic (3β-) position of the hydroxy groups. The presence of such above-mentioned oxidation and elimination products can be easily detected by thin-layer chromatography.

|O007| Usually, a l I a-hydroxytataricm procedures require at least one chromatographic purification. However, even chromatograpMcally purified l -liydroxy itamin D compounds, although showing consistent spectroscopic data that suggests homogeneity, do not meet the purity criteria required for therapeutic agents that can be orally, parenteratly or transdermal!y administered. Therefore, it is evident that a suitable method of purification of the la-hydroxylated vitamin D compound 24F2-DM is required

SUMMARY

|0008] Disclosed herein are methods of purifying 24F2-D by means of crystallization to obtain 24F2-DM in crystalline form. The solvent plays an. important role in. the crystallization process, and is typically an individual liquid substance or a suitable mixture of different liquids. For crystallizing 24F2-D , the most appropriate solvent and/or solvent system is characterized by the following factors:

(1) low toxicity;

(2) low boiling point;

(3) significant dependence of solubility properties with regard to temperature (condition necessary for providing satisfactory crystallization yield); and

(4) relatively low cost,

[0009] Interestingly, hexane, so frequently used tor crystallization purposes, was found less suitable as the sole solvent for crystallization of 24F2-DM. However, it was found that a mixture of 2-propanol and hexane was most useful for the crystallization of 24F2-DM In particular, it was determined that, a mixture of about 10% to about 20% 2-propanol (v/v) with about 90% to about 80% hexane (v/v) (and preferably 1.5% 2-propanol (v/v) with about 85% hexane (v/v)) performed well. The 2-propanol hexane solvent mixture also was easy to remove by evaporation or other well-known methods. In all cases, the crystallization process occurred easily and efficiently. The precipitated crystals were sufficiently large to assure their recovery by filtration or other means, and thus were suitable for x-ray analysis.

|0QO1O] Accordingly, the present invention provides a compound having the formula:

in crystalline form. More specifically, the compound may be referred to as (20R)~1 -nor-24- d fluoro- 1 a,25-dihydroxyvitamin Dj or "24F2-DM" in crystalline form.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

{00011] FIG. 1 is an illustration of the three dimensional molecular structure for 24F2-DM as defined by the atomic positional parameters discovered and set forth herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

{00012] Disclosed herein is the compound (20R)~!9-iior~24~difluOiO-l o,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3 (24F2-DM) in crystalline form, a pharmacologically important compound, characterized by the formula I shown below:

fl ⁾ Q013] Also disclosed are .methods of purifying 24F2-DM. The purification technique involves obtaining the 24F2-D product in crystalline form by utilizing a crystallization procedure wherein the material to be purified is dissolved using as the solvent a mixture comprised of 2-propanol and hexane to obtain 24F2-DM .Preferably the mixture comprises from about 10% to about 20% 2-propano! and. about 90% to about 80% hexane, and preferably about .15% 2-propano! and about 85% hexane (by volume). Thereafter, the solvent can be removed by evaporation, with or without vacuum, or other means as is well known, or the resultant crystals may be filtered from the mother liquor. The technique can be used to purify a wide range of final products containing 24F2-DM obtamed from any known synthesis thereof, and in varying concentrations, .ranging from microgram amounts to kilogram amounts. As is well known to those skilled in this art, the amount of solvent utilized may be modulated according to the amount of 24F2-DM to be purified.

EXAMPLES

100014] The following examples are illustrative and should not be interpreted as limiting the claimed subject matter. 00015] The usefulness and advantages of the present crystallization procedur is shown in the following specific Examples. After crystallization _; the precipitated materia! was observed under a microscope to confirm its crystalline form. Yields of crystals were relatively high and the obtained crystals showed a relatively sharp melting point of 182«1.83°C (24F2-DM).

|0QO16] The described crystallization process of the synthetic 24F2-D product represents a valuable purification method, which can remove most side products derived from the synthetic path. Such impurit is the result of the contamination of starting raw materials. The crystallization process occurred easily and efficiently. The precipitated crystals were sufficiently large to assure their recovery by filtration, or other means, and thus were suitable for x-ray analysis,

EXAMPLE 1 f 00017] ^ysjajjizatjon ^

(24F2-PMi f 00018] Crystallization from 2-propacoI/hexane. (20R)- 19-nor-24-difluoro- 1 a _f 25- d hydroxyvitamm D? (24F2-DM) (6 mg), was suspended in hexane (3 niL) and then 2-propanol was added dropwise to the suspension. The mixture was heated in a water bath to dissolve the vitamin, then was left at. room temperature for about I hour, and finally was kept in a refrigerator for about 48 hours. The precipitated crystals were filtered off, washed with a small volume of a cold (0°C) 2-propanol/hexane (3:1) mixture and dried to give crystalline material, it should be noted that an excess of 2-propanol should be avoided to get the point of saturation, (i.e., only about 1 mole or less of 2-propanol should be added).

1 _. 00019] Experimental, A colorless prism-shaped crystal of dimensions 0.56 x 0,24 X 0.21 mm was selected for structural analysis. Intensity data were collected using a Bruker AXS Platinum 135 CCD detector controlled with the PROTEliM software suite (Bruker AXS Inc., Madison, WI), The x-ray source was CuKa radiation (1.54178 A) from a Rigaku RU20O x- ray generator equipped with Monte! optics, operated at 50 kV and 90 A. The x-ray data were processed with SAINT version 7,06.4 (Bruker AXS Inc.) and internally scaled with SADABS version 2005/1 (Bruker AXS foe). The sample was mounted in a quartz capillary and diffraction data collected at 298 K. The intensity data were measured as a series of phi and omega oscillation frames each of ^* for 30-60 sec/frame. The detector was operated in 1024 x 1024 mode and was positioned 5.0 cm from the sample. Cell parameters were determined from a non-linear least .squares fit of 51 .15 peaks in the range of 3.0 < theta < 61.5", The data were merged to form a set of 2949 independent data with R(int)~0.0658. f 0020] The monocii iic space group€2 was determined by systematic absences and statistical tests and verified by subsequent refinement. The structure was solved by direct methods and refined by foil-matrix least-squares methods on (a) G.M. SheSdrick (1 94), SHELXTL Version 5 Reference Manual, Broker AXS Inc.; (b) International Tables for Crystallography, Vol. C Kluwer: Boston (.1995), Hydrogen atom positions were determined from difference peaks and ultimately refined by a riding model with idealized geometry. ors- liydrogen atoms were refined with anisotropic displacement parameters. A total of 280 parameters were refined against 1 restraint and 2949 data to give wR.2 - 0.1794 and S - 1.027 for weights of w - l./[s ² (F ² ) + (0, ].196V†}, where P - [F ₀ ² + 2 ² ]/3. The final .(F) was 0.0669 for the 2949 observed data. The largest shift/s.u. was 0.001 in the final refinement cycle and the final difference map had. maxima, and minima of 0.228 and -0.200 respectively. The absolute structure was determined by refinement of the Flack parameter, H.D. Flack; Acta Cryst. A, vol. 39, 876-881 (1 83). 00021] The three dimensional structure of 24F2-DM as defined by the following physical data and atomic positional parameter's described and calculated herein (Tables i-8) is illustrated in FIG. 1 ,

Table J, Crystal data and structure refinement for 24F2-P

Identi ication code 011ebll

Erapirical formula C26H 2F203

Wo zi la. weig 0. O

298(2} K

aveiengt h 1.54178 t

Crystal s st m Moncelinic

Space group ·.·::

Unit cell dirce s i on a a - 23.882 { 5 ) A a - 90 ^"';

b - 6, 16S4 (12}a β - 121.8 c - 19.632 ( ) A y - 90°

VO 1 -ϋ!5« 2456,0(8)

Den a it-v ( oa1csiIa ¾d ) 1.192 Mg/ra*

¾.bso r ion c e f fici ¾rs t 0.696 «3IK

F (000) 960

Crystal si;;« 0.70 x 0.20 H 0.01 n ii

Theta range for data collection 2.65 to 62.79"

Limiting indices ~27 h<26, -7 fc<5, -22<i<2

Bef lections collected 51 i 5

Independen reflections 2949 ;R(int) - 0.0658}

Completeness to Theta - $2.13 97.4 %

Max. and nvin. trarssisi ss ion 0.9931 and 0.64 IS

Re i oem nt raetbod Ful l-raefcrix 1«a st-sq«ares

Data restraints parameters 2949 / i / 280

Go dnsss-of-f it Ώ F ^" 1. 2

Final R indices U>2<?(i) j l ^« 0.0669, w 2 ™ 0.1794 R indices (all data) Rl ·· 0.O812, ¾R2 - 0.193S Largest diif. peak and hole 0.226 and -0.200 e7¾ ^:i

Table 2. Atomic coordinates (A ² x 10 ⁴ ) and equivalent isotropic displacement parameters ( x 1 ⁽ 3; ^' ) fox 24.F2-DM ^' . U C ^' eg ) is defined as one t¾i c trace of the ortho eo ali zed Uii tensor.

0 {1} 7791 (2) 7357 (6) 9362 (2) 65 ( 1}

0 {2} 8325 (25 1381.1 (65 10408 (2) 67 (1}

C { 13 } 9071 (25 14375 (7) 6662 (2) 46 { 1 }

F i 2 } 7592 (1 ) 11566 { 8 } 2797 (2) 85 (1 }

C {5} 8393 (2 ; 11683 (8) 9616 (2} 51 U)

F i i} 8124 (2) 8914 {?) 3583 (2) 97 (1}

C {14) 8 S 81 (2 ) 1 018 (8} 6948 (2) SO (!)

C {3} 8802 (2) 1190 (8) 10765 (2) S6 (1}

C i2) 8472 (25 9722 (85 10504 (3) 55 (1}

G {2 ) 3404 (2 ) 11739 (8) 2 12 (2) 75 {1}

C (4 ) 9288 (.2 ) 12202 {10} 10482 (2) 59 (1}

C {8 ) 8875 (2 ) 14304 (8) 7829 (2} SO (1)

0 i I 0 ) 8646 (35 9530 {85 9360 (3) 60 (1 }

C {11} S669 (3) 1702 (9) 7815 (2} 64 {!)

C {1} 8146 (2) 9375 (8 ) 9611 (3) 54 (1}

C {? > 8823 (25 12846 (8} 6292 (2} 52 (H

C {6} 9065 (2) 13067 (8) 2137 (3) 54 (1}

C £i2) 9342 (23 16680 (35 6912 (2} 67 ti;

C { 1.8 } 9627 (2 ; 12723 (8) 7044 (2) S4 {1}

C ί I 5 ) 8230 (25 11923 (10} 6537 (3) 61 (1)

C {17} 8612 (2 ) 13954 (8) 5760 (25 52 il)

C ί 3} 9199 (35 1650 {95 S103 (3) 64 (1 }

C {20} 8910 (2) 13579 (9) 5242 (25 57 {I)

C (27) 9084 (3) 9004 {14} 30S1 (3) 88 (2)

C { i 6 ) 177 (25 12029 (10} 5721 (2 ; 64 (1}

C {23} 3654 (2) 12262 (103 387 (3) 68 ⁽ 2}

C i24) 8202 (2 ) 10696 (10} 3226 (3) 63 (1}

C {25} 3401 (2) 9895 (105 264S (3) 63 (1 »

C i 22 ) 8382 (25 12936 {12} 4384 (2) 71 (2}

C {26} 7:507 (8 ) 81 2 (12 ! 2071 (3} 82 {2}

C {21 } 9300 (4) 15514 {14} 5254 (3) 99 (2}

Table 3, Bond lengths FA] for 24.F2-PM

0 .i } --- Ciij I 439 i 6 } o ί 1 ) - K { S.) 0 8200

0 ,2) - C <3) I 432(6}

0 :2) ·· H (2¾) 0 8200 c (13) -C {18} 1 521 {6} c 13} -C U ^' i) 1 537 (6} c : 13 ~C (12) 1 531 { 6 ) c .13} - {14} 1 553 ί 6}

F :2) - C <24) I 353 { 6 ) c : s ) ~ C (6} 1 341 (?) c :s) ·· C { 4 ) I 93 { 6 ) c ,5)- C CIO) I SOS (7)

HP f 1 } - C (24) 1 368 (?)

C (14) -C (S) 1 434(6} c ^' 1 } -C {IS) 1 513(7} c :i 4 ~K ii A) 0 9300 c .3} - {2) .1 505 (?) c \3) - C{4) I 524 {6) c ,3} - H <3A) 0 9000 c :2) -- il) I 511 {6} c l2 ) " H < 2B) 0 9700

^' 2) - H <2C} 0 9700

0 (2a} - C { 25 ) 1 422 {7}

0 25} - H { 25A} 0 8200 c C 4 ) - H{4&) ΰ 9700 c .4 } ^■ -- H (4 ) 0 9700 c (S) - Cil) 1 330 (&) c ,8)- 0(9} I 513 (7) c : i o ) "Cil} 1 517 { 6 ) c (10) -H ίΙΟΆ) 0 9700 c HO ⁾ - K { 10B) 0 3700 c : 1 ) ~C iS) 1 532 {7> c 1.1 } -C {12 ) .1 529 (6} c : 11 ⁾ -R (HA) 0 9700 c .11 ⁾ -- K { 11 B } 0 9700 c : i ) ·· H {IB} 0 3800 c .7)- C (6) I 446(6} o (7} - H ( 7A} 0 3300 c (6) - a ( 6A) 0 9300 c ^' 12} -H {12 A) 0 3700 c :i ~K il2B) 0 9700 c : i s } - H {ISA} 0 9600 c ^' 18} ----RiiOBi 0 3600 c ,13} -H use) 0 9000 c :i5} -C (16) I 54 i (8) c ·: {ISA} 0.97 CD c :i 5) -K { 15B) 0 , 9700 c ; n ) -C (20 } X .536 (6}

. i ? } -C {16} i .552 (?) c (17) - H (17 1) 0. 200 c .9} - H ( 9.¾ ! 0. S70D c { 9 ) - H { SB) 0.9700 c .20} -C {21 ; 2 , 506 (8 c (20) -C (22) 1.522 {6) c ;20) - H {20A} 0. 800 c :27 t ~ {255 1.48 ¾ { 8 ) c (27) -H (27A) 0.9600

^' 27) - K { 27 B } 0.9600 c 21 - K i 27 C ) Ο ^' . 600 c .16} -K {.ISA} 0 , S7D0 c (IS) -H Q SB) ΰ . 700 c ; 3} -C {24 } X , 505 (7} c (23) ~C<22) 1.520 {6! c ;23} - H {23A} 0.9700 c :23) - K { 23 B ) 0. 700 c (24) -C (25) 1.53 {7}

^' 25} -C {26} i .537 {8} c : 2 ~K (22¾) Ο ^' .9700 c .22} -K {22B} 0. S700 c :26) ~R (26Ά) 0.9600 c ,26} -- B { 26 B } 0 , 9600 c :26) - K { 26 C } 0.96 c (21} -H {21A} 0. 000

. ^' 21 ) - K { 21 B ) 0 , 9600 c (21) - H (21C? ? .9600

Table 4. Bond aogl es for 24F2- DM . c .i } O ( 1. ) - H { I & } 109. c (3) - O (2 } ~K (2h) 09. 5 c ,18} -C{13> -C(i7t Ill . 2 ( ) c : i s ) - (235 ~C{12) 110. 0 (4) c (17} -C{13> -C(12) 116 , 8 (4) c 18} -C {13} -C (14} 1 0. 8 (35 c :i 7} ~C{13) ~C(14} 100. .1 (3» c .12} -C {13} -C (14) 106. 6 (3) c :s) - C (5} ~C (4 ) 120. 5 (5} c ;s) - C (5) -C (10) 125. (4) c ; 4 > -- C (5) -C (10) 114.. 3 (4) c ,8) - C (14) -C (15) 120' . 4 ( 4 ) c ίδ) - C (14) ~C {13} 1 4. (3) c (15} -C{1<3> -C(I3) 103. (3) c ^' 8} - C (14) -H {14/1} 105. 7 c :i 5} ~C (14 ) -H (14Ά) 105. c .13} -C {1 } -H(1 A) 105. 7

0 :2) - C (3} ~C (2) 110. (3} o .2} - C (3) -C (4 ) 107. 7 (4) c 2) ^■■ ( 3 ) -C ( 4 ; 110, 3 (4)

0 \2) - C (35 "H (3Ά) 103. 2

^' 2) - C (3) -a (3k) 109. c ( ; ~ C (3} -H (3A) 103. c 1 } - C (2) -C (3S I l . (4) c E 1 ί - C {2}™H (2B) 109. 3 c .3 } ^■ - C ( 2 ) - H { 2 B } 109. 3 c ί 1 ) - C { 2 } ~K <2C) 09. c ,3) - C (2) --H (2C) 109. 3

H :2Bt -C ( 2 } - ^■ Ei { 2C } 108, 0' c (25} "0 {25} -H (25A) 109. 5 c iS) - C (4) -C i3) 113. (4) c :s) - C ( } ~H (4Ά) 103. 9 c 3 } - C (4 ) -H ( 4 A) 103. 9 c :s) - C { } ~H ( 4 B ) 03. 9 c .3} ^■ - C (4 ) - H { 4 B } 10S . 9

H h} -C (4 ) -H (4B) 107 , 8 c ,7) - C (3) --C (14) 123. 7 (4) o f ^' i) - C (8) -C (9! 125. (4) c (14} -C (8) -C {¾} Ill . 0 (4) c ^' 5 } - C (10) -C il) 110. 0 (4) c :s) - C (10) - H { 10 A } 109. c :i } C (10) --R (Ιΰ&ϊ 109. 7 c :s) - C (10) - H {10B} 109. c ,1} - C (10) ~H iiOB) 109. 7

H ;io«) -c (10) -K (lOB) 108 , c ,9}~C(11) ~Ci 2) i l .8 (4) c ]9) --C {11} -H {HA} 109, 3 c ,12) -C {11 ) -H ( 11A) 109. 3

^' 9) -C {11} -H {IIB} 199. c (12) -C ill j -H ii IB) 109. 3

H 11 Ά ) -C ( 1.1 } - K { 11 B ) 107. 9

0 (i) -c (i} ~c(2; Ill . 6(4}

0 .1 } -C (1 ) ~C {10} Ill . 5 (4) c (2) - { } -C(1C) 110.. 9 (4}

0 ,1)-C(1) --K{1B} 107. 5 c ^' 2 ) "C ( 1 } "·Κ {IB) 107, 5 c {10} - C { 1 ) -H {IB} 107 , 5

^' 85 ^~ C (7) -C ⁽ 6) 126. 6 {¾) c IS) -C {7} ~H ( 7 A > 116. ^• c ^■ 6) -C(7) -H{7A) 1 6. 7 c (5) -C {&} -Ci7) 123. 4 (5} c ,51-0(6) -H { 6 ft.) 115. 8 c {7 ) ~C {6} ~H (6Ά) 15. 8 c ,11} -C{12) -C(i3) Ill . 8 ( } c : 11 -C (12) --H(12A) 109, c {13} -C {12) -K ( 12Ά) 109 , 2

11) -C {12 } -ii (12B) 109. 2 c :i 3) ~C il2) ~H (12B) 109. 2

H .12Ά) -C (1 ) - K (12B) 197. 9 c :i3) --0(18) ~H{1 A) 109. 5 c ,12} -C {18} ~-H (13S} 109. 5

H ;i8«) -C (18) -K (18B) 109, 5

C U3} --C (IS) -H (ISC) 109. 5

¾ Ί8Ά) -C (18) -H (18C) 199. s

H U8B} i: (18} -H ( iec 5 109.

C 14} -C {15} ~C(16; 193. 7 (4) c {14} ~C i 15) -H (ISA) ll . 0 c .16} "C{1S} -----H(I5A} Ill . 0 c (1 ) -O il 5) -a {158) 11.. 0 c ,16}-C{15) -H(iSB) Ill . 0

H :i5«) -C (15) -K fiSB) 109 , 0 c ( I 3 } --C ( 17 ^' } ---C i ^' 20 ) 119. 4 (4) 3} -C {17} -C (IS} 103 , 8(3} c (20) - C {17) -C ⁽ 16) 112. 6 (4} c 13} -C {17} ~B ( 17 } 196. 8 c ;20) -0 (17) -H{17A) 106. 8 c ,16} -C{17} --H(17A; 106. 3 c ;g) --c {9} -c (ii) 113., 2 (4) c ,8) -C (9) --K (9A) 108. 9 o ill) -e {9} ~H {9Ά) 196 , c {8) -0 (9} -H (9B) 108. 9

11) - C {3} ^■■ H { 9 B ) 198. 2

H ^" 9 & ) - C i ) - K { 9 B } 107. 8 c ,2.1 ) -C {20} -C (22) 110.4 (4) c ]21) -C {20} ^■■ €. ill) ill. ^" <4) c ,22) -C {20 } -C (17) Ill . 5 ( }

^' 21) -C {20} -H (20A) 107. ^' 7 c ( ) - C (20) - H f 20.¾ ) 107. 7 ^' c 17} -C {20} -H (2 OA} 107. 7 c (2:5) ~C (27 ) -H (27Ά) 100. 5 c .25} -C {27} ~-H (27B) 109. 5

H (2:7A) -C (27) - H ί 27 B } 109.. 5

C ,25} -C {27) -H (27C) 100. 5

K :27A) -C (27) - K (27C) 109, 5

H (27B) -C (27) -H (27CS 100 , 5

15} -C {16} -C {17} 107 ^' , 2 (4) c 5) ~C i i 6) -H (i 6A) 0. 3 c 17} -C {16} ~M (I 6A} 110. 3 c (15) -Oil 6) -H{16B) 110. 3 c ,17) -C {16} -H (16B) 110. 3

H (1.6 A} -C (16) ;· U6B) ioe . 5 c ,24} -C {23) -C (2:2) 112. 5 (4) c :2 ) -C (23) -H(23A) i 09. 1 c (22) -C {23; -K (23A) 109. 1

^' 24} -C {23} -li <23B) 109 , i c :22) ~C (23) -H (23B) 109. .1

H .23Ά) -C (23} -K (23B) 107. 3

F !2) ~C {24} ~F{1) 104. 1 (4}

F ,2 } ~-C (2:4) -C (23) 109. 2 (5)

F ;i ) --C {24} -C (23) i o a . 2 (4)

F (2 } -C (24) --C (25) 100. 7 (35

F } -C(24) -C{25> 107. 6 (5)

C (23) ~C (24 ) ~C (2i ) 113. 1 (45

0 25} -C {25} ~C(27) 106. 9 (5)

0 (2:5) -C (25) -C (24 ) 106. 8 (5) c ,27} -C {25} -C (24) Ill . 5 (4) o (2:5) -0 (25) - {26} 1 0.. 6 {4} c ,27} -C {25) -C (2:6) 110. 8 ( 55 c :24) -C {25} --C (26) 11 Q ., 2 (4) c i23}~Ci22) ~Ci2Q} 114. 0 (4)

^' 23} -c {2 } -H (22A) 108. 7 c (20)™ C ( 22: ) ~ K 22 A ) 103. 7 c 23} -C {22 } ~B (22B) 1 3. 7 c ;20) ~C (22) -R (22B) iOS.

K ,22k) ~C (22) -H (22B) 107. 6 c ;25) -C {26} ·· H {26A) 109. 5 c ,25} -C {26) -H (26B) 100. 5

>I ⁽ 26Ά) ~C (26) ~n (26B) 109. 0 c (25) -C (26) -K (26C) 100. 5

H ^' 26») -C (26) "' K (26C) 1 9. 5

H :26B) ~C (26) - H ( 6C) 109. 5 C (20) ~C {2.1} "B(2 !.¾.} 109.5

C <2Q > -C {21} --H(21B) 109-5

H (21A) --C (21) --H (ZI ) 109.5

C (20) -C (21 } -B (21 ) 109.5

H ( 21A } -C (21? - H { 21 C 5 100.5

H ( I B ) -C (21 } - K ( 2 I C ) 109.5

Table 5. Anisotropic displacement parameters (A ² x lO') for 24F2-DM. The anisotropic di¾i _: acerrieM factor e ponent takes. the form: -2π ^' ¾¾ ^~ U■ i ± 2 ¾*Ui?,

Oil 022 U33 ^' ¾23 Ui3 ^"" U12

0 D 75 (2} 56(2) 6 f ΐ 0 (2} 37(2) -12 (25 o 25 S3 {2} 55 (2) 82 4 (2) 57 (.2) I (2) c : 13 53 (2} 40 (2) 43 2 (2} 30 (2} 3 (2}

F :2) go (2) 1 5(3} 63 il ) -17 (2 ) 2S (ls 1 { 2 » c :55 55 (2) 52 (3) 58 {2 ) -I (2) 37 (2} -4 (2)

F U) 127 (3> 100 (3) 91 ^ > 3 ⁽ 2} 75 (25 ^•• 28 (25 c : 1 > 54 (2} 44 (2) 58 i t i ,.· 34 (2} Q (25 c i3) 62 (2) 56 (3) 54 {2 } 4 (2} 34 (2) - 1 (25 c i2) 6 (2 ^' ! 54 (3} 8 ί, li (2) 38 (2} - 1 (2}

0 (25) 90 (2} 33 (3) 60 6 (2} 45 (2) -5 (25 c ;4i 56 (2) 72 {3} 49 i ΐ 2 (2} 28 (2) ~4 (2} c :β) 57 (2} 47 (3) SS { } 1 (2} 38 (2} 3 (2} c ;io} 30 ί 3 ) 54 (3} 62 -1 (2! 43 (2} ^• ; ⁽ 35 c :ii > 90 13} 4 S> ( 3 ) 56 \ i. ϊ -4 (2} 40 (2} -17 (3) c as 63 (2) 45 (3) 61 i / 8 (2} 37 (25 0 (2) c ) 62 (2} 50 (3} 58 -252} 42 (2} -3 (2 ! c i6} 56 (2) 52 (3) 62 [2 } - 1 (2} 36 (2} 0 (2) o f!2) 1 f 3 } 42 (3} 63 0 (2} 40 (2) -9 (3) c ί 18 ) 55 (2) 53 ( 3 ) {2) -1 (2 Ϊ 3 (2) c 15} 63 (25 66 (3} 67 i ^ ¾ -6 (3) 42 (2} -12 (3} c (17.) 57 (2} 52 (3) 50 1 (2) 31 (2} 5 (25 c ;§) 9 (3) 46(3} 59 i ' ^" ^ ^ 2 (2! 44 (2} ^■ - 6 (3} c :2o.t 58 (2) 67 (3) 52 (2; -5 (2} 32 (2} ·· S { 2 ) c ,27} 81 (3) 109(6) 76 f 3 } 6 (4} 43 (3) S (4 ! c i 6) 69 (3} 66(3} 53 i, -3 (3) 35 (2} - 6 (3} c (23} 70 (3) 89(4) S3 -11 (3} 39 (2} -10 (35 c ;24} 6.1 (3) 55 (4) 46 ( Ί 1 (2) 30 (2) ~7 (3} c ^' .25) 64 (3} 73 (4) 55 3 (3} 33 (2) -4 (35 c 722 } 66 13) 99 (4} 49 i2) -S (3s 31 (2} -1 (3} c (26) 95 (4} 30 (4) 75 (3) -13 (3} 48 (3} - 9 (3! c 12 i ) 122 (5) 124 (6) 75 ( 3 ί -26 (4 i 63 (3} - 9 ⁽ 55

Table 6. Hydrogen coordinates (A ¹ x 10 ⁴ ) a»d isotropic displacement parameters (A ² x 10') for

24F2-D ^{" '}

K { 1A} 7933 6436 9709 98

H i2A> 8012 13327 10455 101

H {14 A) 3249 15164 6691 60

H i 3 A ) 9035 12019 113 67

K { 2 B } 8797 8593 10787 68

B { 2 C 5 8143 9613 10650 66

H USA) 8055 11798 1 79 113

K { A} 9440 13893 10577 71

H { 4 B ) 9667 11 78 71

K { 10 A } 3964 8360 9604 73

H ( I 0 B ) 8424 9384 8782 73

H { 11 A } 10056 16104 8096 77

H i 1 IB) 9813 18520 7945 77

K {IB; 7826 105 6 S341 65

H {7A5 8810 11555 8049 62

H {6«f 9297 14334 9379 65

K { 12 } 9661 16903 676 68

H U2B) 8984 1 11 6630 68

H {ISA} 9923 12972 686 82

H ί I S B ) 9447 1 287 6895 82

B { 18 C } 9382 12868 7616 82

H ί ISA) 7797 11855 6468 73

H USE) 8484 10670 6843 78

K { 17At 8321 15218 5536 63

H i9A) 9443 16555 8684 77

K { 9 B ) 8860 17610 790S 77

H { 2 OA ) 9214 12348 5470 69

H { 27 A } 9385 10090 3436 132

H i 27B) 9202 8588 2702 132

H { 7 C } 9104 7759 3387 132

H { I 6A ί 7722 12207 5293 ^" 6

H USE) 8331 10685 5618 76

H { 23 A } 8721 13521 3629 8

H { 23B Ϊ 9079 11576 4216 81

K { 22 A) 8110 11847 4395 85

H (22B) 8102 1 250 4132 85

H { 26 ) 7472 8803 1783 123

H ί 6B) 7913 69 S 6 2373 123

H { 26C ) 8025 7751 1695 123

B { 2 I A } 9629 15868 5799 148

H {2 IB) 9010 16728 5007 148

K { 2 i C ) 9511 15172 4964 148 Table 7. Torsion angles [deg] for 24F2-DM.

o f 18) -C {13} -C (1 ) -C (8) 62.4 S5 c (17) ~C {13) -C (1 ) -CIS) 179.8 4 ί c 12} -C {13} -CU.4) -Ci ) ^•• 28. ( 5 > c ( Ϊ a > "C (13) -"{14} ~C(l$) -70.8 i c :i7} -C {13 } ~C (1 ) ~C i 15) 46.7 ; c : 12 > -- C { 13 ) -CU4) -C(15i 1 8,7 4 ί

0 ,2)-C(3) -C{2) -0(15 64 , 7 55 c ⁽ 4} -C (3) --C (2) -C (1) - S 4.8 ;¾> c [65 -C{S) -C{4) -C (33 ^• 30.9 c ;i0) -C {» ~C (4) -C {3? -4 .6 ( 6 )

0 ;2) -C (3) ~C (4) -C(S) -71.4 : s » c ;2}~c(3)-c{4) -co; 49.9 6; c il 3) -C (1 ) -" (8 ; -CO) -3.6 ' 7 > c ,13} -C {14 ) -0(8) --C (7) -128.4 (5) c :i 5} -C (145 --C (8) -C (95 179,7 4 ί c ,13} -C {14} -0(8) ·· C ( 9 ) 54.9 35 c ⁽ 6 ) -C{5) -C HO) -C (1) -1 6.4 ;¾) c t ) -C (S) -C (10) -C (I) 62.1 c ;3) ~c (2) -c (is ~o(i ; -175.5 ( ) c :3)~C(2) ^» C(1! -C(IO) 59.1 6) c ;5f -c (10) -oil) -o(i) 178.8 35 c :5) -C {10} -C (1) -C (2} -56.1 ; s > c a 4} -C (8) -C (7) --C (6) -176. S Ά)

,, . ₍ c ;9) --c {8} -c (?; -c (6) - 0.3 c (4) ~C iS} -C (65 ~C Γ75 179.8 4 ) o ⁽ 10) -2 (9) -C (6) -C ⁽ 7) 0 , 3 8) c (¾) -C (?) ~C (6! -C (5) 1 6.8 - c ^' 9} ~C (11) ~C (12) -C (13) -56.0 ) c (iS)-c;i3) -c(i2) -c{ i) -63.4 : s j c 117} -C {13} -C (12) --C i 11) 168.1 45 c :i4)--C(135 --C{12} --C(XI) 87,2 5 ) c ,8} -C (1 ) -C (15) -C(1S) -164.9 c ⁽ 13) -C {1 } -C (13) -C (I 6) -35.2 ;¾> c US) ~C {13) -C ill) -C (20) -48.2 ' 6 > c .12} -C {13} -C O 7} -C (20) 30.1 8) c (14) -C (13) -C (17) -C {20} -165.3 : ^' 4 j c , 18} - C {13} ~C (17) -C ( 16) 78.2 (4) c (12) ~C (13) -"{17} ~C(16} -153.6 : J c U4} -C {13 ) -C (17) -C ( 16) -39.0 ;4) c :7 ) -C {8} -C (95 -C ill) 133. S 5 ) c ( 4) - C (8) -C {9) -C (1 ) -43.9 : s ) c f 12} -C {11 } -C (9) -C (85 91.1 6} c (13) ~C (17 ) ~C {20} -C {21} -61.0 6 } c ;i } -C {17} - (20 ) ~C (21) 177.0 ^' 45 c M 3) ~C (17 ) -C (20) -C {22} 175.0 5 j c ;i6} -C (17; -C (20) -C (22) 33.0 65 C (14) - C { 15 } -C (16) ~C i . 7 ) IG 4 (5) c <; 13 ) -- C (17 ) --0 (16} --C (IS) IS 5 {55

C (20) -C {17 ; -C <16> -C ( 15) 14 0 (4 ) C f22) -C (23) -C (24} -F (2) 52 8 (6} C (22) -C (23) -C (2 i ~F (1) -SO 0 (6) C { 22 } -C {23} ~C (24; -C (25) 177 5 (5) F (2) ~ C (24) - C { 25 } ~ 0 (25) 6,1 0 (5) F (1 } ----- C (24) --- C ( 25 ) ~- 0 (25} 173 2 (4 ) C ( 23 ) -C (24 ) -0 (25} -G {25} -64 0 (5} (2 ) - C (24) - C (25) - 0 (27} 177 4 (S) F ( 15 - C (24) - C (25) - C (27 > ^• - ^• -70 4 (6) C (23) -C {2 ) -C (2S) -C {27} 52 4 (7 i F <2) - C (24) - C ί 2 ¾ ) - C i26} 77 1 (6) F (l > - C (24) - C {25) - C (26) 53 US) C (23} -C (24 } ~C (25 ί ~ C (26) 175 5 (5) C (24) ~C (23) ~C (22) ^» C {20) 150 5 (5) C (21) {20 ) - 22 ; ~C (23) 64 3 (7 ) C ( 1.7 ) ~C<20) ~C ( 22 } -C {23} 170 S (5)

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{00022] References

{00023] 1. CrysASis RED, Oxford Diffraction Ltd, Version 1.17L28cycle2 beta (release 25-10-2005 CrysAlisl71.NET) (compiled Oct 25 2005,08:50:05). Empirical absorption correction using spherical harmonics, implemented in SCALES ABSPACK scaling algorithm.

[000241 2. CrysAlis CCD, Oxford Diffraction Ltd., Version U71.28cyc!e2 beta; CtysAlis RED, Oxford Diffraction Ltd., Version 1.171.28cycle2 beta.

|0O 25] 3. G. M. Sheldrick, Acta Crystallogr. 1990, A46, 467-473.

100026] 4, G. M. Sheldrick, 5HELXL93, Program for the Remmemtmi of Crystal Structures., Univ. of Gottingen, Germany.

{00027] 5. international Tables for Crystallography, Ed. A. i. C. Wilson, luwer:Dordrecth, 1992, VoLC.

EXAMPLE 2

{00028] S nthesis of 24 F2-D.M . The preparation of 24F2-D having the basic- structure I can be accomplished by a common general method otherwise referred to as the condensation of a bicyclic Windaus-Gmndmann type ketone Π with the ai iy!ic phosphine oxide 111 to the corresponding 19-nor- vitamin D analog IV followed by deproiection at C-I and C-3 in the latter compound IV to obtain compound 1 (24F2-DM).

IV

[00029] hi phosphme oxide HI, Y| and Y ₂ are preferably hydroxy-pratectmg groups such as silyl protecting groups. The t-biityldimethylsi!yl (TMDMS) group is an example of a particularly useful hydroxy-protecting group. The process described above represents an application of the convergent synthesis concept, which has been applied effectively to the preparation of numerous vitamin D compoands (see Lythgoe et a!., ,1 Chem. Sac. Perkm ^' Trans. L 590 ( 78); Lythgoe, Chem. Sac. Rev. 9, 449 (1983); Toh et al, J. Org, Chem. 48, 1414 (1983): Baggiolini et !., J. Org. Chem. 5 L 3098 (1986); Sardina et at., J. Org. Chem. 1 , 1264 (1986); J. Org. Chem. 51 , 126 (1986); .DeLuca et al, U.S. Pat No. 5,086, .191: DeLuca et al. _} U.S. Pat. No. 5,536,713: and DeLuca et al, U.S. Pat. No. 5,843,928 ail of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety and for all purposes as if fully set forth herein .

[00Ο3Θ] Phosphine oxide Ml is a convenient reagent that can be used to prepare a large number of 1 -nor-vitamin D compounds and is prepared according to the procedures described by Sicinski et aL _t J. Med. Chem., 41, 4662 (1998), DeLuca et al. _} U.S. Pat. No. 5,843,928; Perlman f aL, Tetrahedron Lett, 32, 7663 ( 1991 ); and DeLuca et ai., U.S. Pat. No. 5,086,19 ! which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety as if fully set forth herein.

{00031] An overall process for the synthesis of compound 1 is illustrated and described more completely in U.S. Pat. No. 5,843,928 entitled "2~Alkyl.idene-19~Nor~ Vitamin Ό Compounds," the specification of which is specifically incorporated herein by reference.